Elevated serum granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor levels in patients with Graves' disease

Iitaka, Makoto; Noh, Jaeduk Yoshimura; Kitahama, Shinji; Fukasawa, Nobuhiko; Maeda, Shiro; Kawakami, Yoshito; Kawasaki, S.; Yamanaka, Kayo; Ishii, Jun; Katayama, Shigehiro; Ito, Kunihiko

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1998.00422.x

Cited by 10 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Iitaka et al reported that serum G-CSF level in untreated patients with Graves' disease was significantly higher than that in healthy subject, but did not correlate with serum thyroid hormone levels [6]. Our study also showed that serum G-CSF levels in patients with Graves' disease did not correlate with serum FT 4 levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Iitaka et al also reported that in 17 untreated patients with Graves' disease, the circulating neutrophil counts were relatively small (<2.0 × 10 9 /L), increased to normal after methimazole treatment, and were not related to changes in serum G-CSF level [6]. These findings suggest that in some untreated patients with Graves' disease, thyrotoxicosis may become a cause of granulocytopenia unmediated by serum G-CSF level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Although, serum G-CSF level in patients with Graves' disease has been reported using this highly-sensitive assay [6], time course changes in serum G-CSF level in patients with antithyroid drug-induced agranulocytosis have yet to be well documented.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum Concentrations of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) in Antithyroid Drug-Induced Agranulocytosis

et al. 2004

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Abstract. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) levels in serum were determined by a highly-sensitive chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (limit of detection, 0.5 pg/ml) in 54 patients with Graves' disease including 6 patients complicated with methimazole-induced agranulocytosis. Serum G-CSF levels in patients with Graves' disease were not different from normal subjects and did not correlate with serum FT 4 level or circulating neutrophil counts. Before the onset of agranulocytosis, there was no difference in serum G-CSF level between the patients complicated with agranulocytosis and the uncomplicated patients. When circulating neutrophil counts decreased to less than 0.5 × 10 9 /L, serum G-CSF level elevated with the mean of 106.8 ± 82.2 (SD) pg/ml, but the level did not correlate with the duration of agranulocytosis. Interestingly, maximum serum G-CSF level during the treatment with recombinant human G-CSF (100 mg/day) was related to bone marrow finding at the onset of agranulocytosis and correlated with the duration of agranulocytosis (r = 0.824, p<0.05). In conclusion, measuring serum G-CSF levels with a highly-sensitive chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay revealed that 1) thyrotoxicosis does not affect serum G-CSF level, 2) serum G-CSF level during antithyroid drug treatment does not play an important role in development of agranulocytosis, 3) the maximum serum G-CSF level in the course of agranulocytosis is related to the responsiveness of bone marrow to G-CSF and the recovery time from agranulocytosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

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Serum Concentrations of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) in Antithyroid Drug-Induced Agranulocytosis

et al. 2004

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“…Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is one of the hematopoietic cytokines, which stimulates granulocyte proliferation and activation. Serum G-CSF levels in untreated patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism were higher than those of healthy control [13], or were not different from normal subjects [14]. At least deficiency of G-CSF does not appear to be a cause of agranulocytosis by ATD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

The Relation of Initial Methimazole Dose to the Incidence of Methimazole-induced Agranulocytosis in Patients with Graves' Disease

et al. 2007

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Abstract. The relation between the incidence of methimazole (methylmercaptoimidazole; MMI)-induced agranulocytosis and initial MMI dose was evaluated in a group of 514 patients with Graves' disease who were treated between 1995 and 2005. One hundred and forty-six (28.40%) patients had received an initial dose of 30 mg MMI and 277 (53.89%) patients had been treated with 15 mg MMI. Nine patients (1.75%) developed agranulocytosis due to MMI treatment. Six (4.11%) of 146 patients who received an initial dose of 30 mg MMI, two (4.54%) of 44 patients given an initial dose of 20 mg MMI, and one (0.36%) of 277 patients given an initial dose of 15 mg MMI developed agranulocytosis. There was a statistically significant difference in agranulocytosis incidence between patients receiving an initial dose of 30 mg MMI and those who received an initial dose of 15 mg. Although 8 (4.10%) of 195 patients in the high-dose group (20 mg or higher) developed agranulocytosis, only 1 (0.31%) of 319 patients in the low-dose group (15 mg or lower) did. In conclusion, the incidence of agranulocytosis with low-dose MMI therapy was ten times lower than that of the high-dose regimen.

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“…As to the G-CSF levels in patients with Graves' disease, Iitaka et al [8] reported that they were significantly higher than those in healthy controls and positively correlated with granulocyte counts in untreated patients with Graves' disease. A positive correlation between G-CSF level and granulocyte count has also been reported in healthy individuals [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morning Granulocytopenia in a Case of Graves' Disease.

2001

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Abstract.A 65-year-old woman with Graves' disease presented marked diurnal changes in white blood cell (WBC) and granulocyte counts. Granulocyte count was low and sometimes decreased to 0.2-0.3 X 109/l in the early morning and increased in the afternoon irrespective of her thyroid status. She did not develop sore throat or fever during the investigation period. The present study indicates that these unusual diurnal changes in WBC and granulocyte counts should be considered in the differential diagnosis of agranulocytosis in Graves' disease patients treated with an antithyroid drug.

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Elevated serum granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor levels in patients with Graves' disease

Abstract: Significantly elevated serum G-CSF levels were observed in patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism. During ATD therapy, deficiency of G-CSF was not identified as a cause of agranulocytosis in this study.

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Serum Concentrations of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) in Antithyroid Drug-Induced Agranulocytosis

Serum Concentrations of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) in Antithyroid Drug-Induced Agranulocytosis

The Relation of Initial Methimazole Dose to the Incidence of Methimazole-induced Agranulocytosis in Patients with Graves' Disease

Morning Granulocytopenia in a Case of Graves' Disease.

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