Elevated PM10 concentrations and high PM2.5/PM10 ratio in the Brussels Urban Area during the 2006 car-free Sunday

Vanderstraeten, Peter; Forton, M.; Lénelle, Y.; Meurrens, A.; Carati, Daniele; Брениг, Леон; Offer, Zvi Yehoshua; Zaady, Eli

doi:10.1504/ijewm.2010.035062

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Overall meta-analysis estimates were calculated for PM 10 . Studies' PM 2.5 estimates were converted to PM 10 by using a PM 2.5 /PM 10 ratio calculated from information in the original article when available or 0.6 otherwise; the true PM 2.5 /PM 10 ratio varies by location and meteorological conditions (16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence on Vulnerability and Susceptibility to Health Risks Associated With Short-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Bell¹,

Zanobetti²,

Dominici³

2013

American Journal of Epidemiology

304

158

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Although there is strong evidence that short-term exposure to particulate matter is associated with health risks, less is known about whether some subpopulations face higher risks. We identified 108 papers published after 1995 and summarized the scientific evidence regarding effect modification of associations between short-term exposure to particulate matter and the risk of death or hospitalization. We performed a meta-analysis of estimated mortality associations by age and sex. We found strong, consistent evidence that the elderly experience higher risk of particular matter--associated hospitalization and death, weak evidence that women have higher risks of hospitalization and death, and suggestive evidence that those with lower education, income, or employment status have higher risk of death. Meta-analysis showed a statistically higher risk of death of 0.64% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.50, 0.78) for older populations compared with 0.34% (95% CI: 0.25, 0.42) for younger populations per 10 μg/m3 increase of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm. Women had a slightly higher risk of death of 0.55% (95% CI: 0.41, 0.70) compared with 0.50% (95% CI: 0.34, 0.54) for men, but these 2 risks were not statistically different. Our synthesis on modifiers for risks associated with particulate matter can aid the design of air quality policies and suggest directions for future research. Studies of biological mechanisms could be informed by evidence of differential risks by population, such as by sex and preexisting conditions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence on Vulnerability and Susceptibility to Health Risks Associated With Short-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Bell¹,

Zanobetti²,

Dominici³

2013

American Journal of Epidemiology

304

158

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…During the periods that are relatively cool, air convection represents a descendant vector that positively contributes to particle deposition. Relatively strong advective dynamics of the air results in the dispersal of the particles and generally leads to a lower level of airborne particle concentration (Vanderstraeten et al 2009). Until recently, measurements and limit values were focused on the total mass of solid particle matter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weekly variation of atmospheric particle micromorphology and chemistry in Brussels urban environment

Zaady¹,

Carati

Брениг

et al. 2009

Environ Monit Assess

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The purpose of this study was to measure the impact of urban activities on airborne particle dynamics during weekend periods in Brussels urban area. Differences in the granulometry and micromorphology between particles sampled on working days and weekends were studied. We quantified the area, size, number, and the chemistry parameters of the airborne particles and compared between Saturday, Sunday, and Monday. We report and analyze data on airborne particles up to PM10, measured in the Brussels region from October 2002 to September 2003. Our investigation reveals detailed information regarding chemical composition of the airborne particles over the weekend period in the Brussels urban area. Furthermore, the majority of the airborne particles in the Brussels region may belong to sources geographically outside the (in situ) Brussels area.

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“…The precarity of mitigating high levels of air pollution is exemplified in Vanderstraeten et al (2010) which reported that PM concentrations increased in Brussels on several car-free days, despite the initiative covering the whole metropolitan area. The authors argue that the increase in total PM concentrations was in part caused by a change in wind direction, which may have blown air pollution and secondary aerosols from the western part of Belgium toward Brussels.…”

Section: Documented Effects On Pathways To Health and Health Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impacts of Car-Free Days and Events on the Environment and Human Health

Glazener¹,

Wylie²,

Waas³

et al. 2022

Curr Envir Health Rpt

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Purpose of review In this paper, we seek to elucidate the impact of car-free days and events on human health. Car-free days and events are often designed to alleviate the impact of transportation-related air pollution, noise, physical inactivity, traffic congestion, or other detrimental externalities of private motor vehicle travel. We reviewed existing peer-reviewed and gray literature to understand the variety of potential public health impacts that have been measured as a result of car-free days or events and associated changes in environmental exposures and lifestyles. Recent findings The impacts of car-free days and events are highly variable and seem to depend on the scope (frequency, duration, and geographic size) and goals of each car-free day and event. Most of the existing literature measures impacts in terms of air and noise pollution and some studies focus on physical activity metrics. In some cases, car-free days and events were successful in reducing the concentration of certain air pollutants but had little or adverse impacts on the concentration of others. Often, traffic is diverted from cordoned areas to surrounding streets, displacing traffic congestion and adverse environmental exposures to other areas of a city, with potential understudied implications to environmental justice. Summary Car-free days and events are often an attractive policy option; however, they require intensive planning to be successful. The organization and execution of car-free days and events, as well as public support and stakeholder engagement, greatly influence the level of success and the sustainability of such initiatives. Health benefits may be a palatable and convincing argument to the general public. However, very few studies focus on actual health impacts associated with car-free days and events. Future research could be most useful if it focused on measuring health outcomes associated with car-free days and events through longitudinal studies.

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Elevated PM10 concentrations and high PM2.5/PM10 ratio in the Brussels Urban Area during the 2006 car-free Sunday

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Evidence on Vulnerability and Susceptibility to Health Risks Associated With Short-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Evidence on Vulnerability and Susceptibility to Health Risks Associated With Short-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Weekly variation of atmospheric particle micromorphology and chemistry in Brussels urban environment

The Impacts of Car-Free Days and Events on the Environment and Human Health

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