2002
DOI: 10.1006/clim.2002.5255
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Elevated Levels of Serum Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

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Cited by 32 publications
(24 citation statements)
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“…Although this model has been crucial in elucidating the role of other cytokines in the innate immune response against M. tuberculosis (12), it would be of value to confirm the effect of MIF in another important in vitro model of innate immune response, such as the one that uses the cocultures of both lymphocytes and monocytes (30). However, the in vivo observations that MIF acts as an immune effector in the early stages of pulmonary granulomas in mice (19,21), and the recently reported findings of high levels of MIF in serum in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (32), substantially support the concept that MIF is involved in host defense mechanisms against M. tuberculosis.…”
mentioning
confidence: 72%
“…Although this model has been crucial in elucidating the role of other cytokines in the innate immune response against M. tuberculosis (12), it would be of value to confirm the effect of MIF in another important in vitro model of innate immune response, such as the one that uses the cocultures of both lymphocytes and monocytes (30). However, the in vivo observations that MIF acts as an immune effector in the early stages of pulmonary granulomas in mice (19,21), and the recently reported findings of high levels of MIF in serum in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (32), substantially support the concept that MIF is involved in host defense mechanisms against M. tuberculosis.…”
mentioning
confidence: 72%
“…MIF has been reported to be elevated in both serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with pulmonary TB (35,40). MIF genotype and serum levels were investigated in 133 HIV-negative patients whose sera were obtained from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Tuberculosis Trials Consortium (TBTC) Study 22 (41).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Another single article was not included in the meta-analysis because it was not designed as a case-control study. Finally, 11 eligible articles 12, 1827 were included in the current meta-analysis. Nine of the 11 included articles were in English 12, 1824, 27 and two were in Chinese 25, 26 .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…More recently, studies have found the MIF may played a vital role in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases, such as sepsis and Gram-negative bacterial infection 11 . Furthermore, significantly higher MIF concentrations were observed in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) than in the healthy population 12 . In vitro , MIF has also been found to play an important role in restraining virulent Mtb growth 13 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%