Elevated levels of interferon γ‐inducible protein‐10 and epithelial neutrophil‐activating peptide‐78 in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis

Abstract

IP-10 may play an important role in regulating lymphocytes into the lung and that ENA-78 may be associated with lung parenchymal disease in pulmonary sarcoidosis.

CXCR3 ligands are augmented during the pathogenesis of pulmonary sarcoidosis

“…Interestingly, the levels of CXCL10 in our healthy controls were higher than those found by AGOSTINI et al [9], which may be attributable to our larger control group or the unlikely possibility that some of our healthy controls, despite a normal chest radiograph, the absence of clinical symptomatolgy or positive microbiological data, may have had an indolent infection not diagnosed at the time of bronchoscopy. Similar to our data, SUGIYAMA et al [10] did not find elevated levels of CXCL10 across the multiple stages of sarcoidosis. Based on these inconsistent studies and the heterogeneity of pulmonary sarcoidosis in terms of stage, immunosuppressive regimen and active versus inactive disease, future, appropriately powered, prospective studies will be necessary to determine whether there are significant elevations of CXCL10 in BALF from patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis.…”

“…These investigators found that most sarcoid patients had detectable levels of CXCL10 compared with virtually undetectable levels from their healthy controls [9]. SUGIYAMA et al [10] also found elevated BALF levels of CXCL10 from patients with active sarcoidosis (n541) compared with volunteers (n512), despite all sarcoid patients being on immunosuppressive therapy. Conversely, ANTONIOU et al [11] found significantly lower BALF levels of CXCL10 from patients with sarcoidosis (n520) compared with controls (n512).…”

“…Although an area of active investigation, the type 1 cytokine-chemokine network involved in the recruitment of mononuclear cells to the lungs of sarcoid patients has not been fully elucidated. We and other investigators have hypothesised that the CXCR3/CXCR3 ligand biological axis is involved in the formation of sarcoid lung granulomas; however, significant discrepancies in the current literature remain [9][10][11][12][13]. In an effort to clarify previous conflicting findings, we performed the largest observational study to date of IFN-inducible ELR -CXC chemokines in sarcoid BALF.…”

“…Prior studies investigating CXCL10 in pulmonary sarcoidosis have shown conflicting results [9][10][11]. Specifically, AGOSTINI et al [9] found increased levels of CXCL10 in BALF from patients with active sarcoidosis (defined as a lymphocytosis .30610…”

“…This study was designed to determine whether there are augmented levels of IFN-inducible ELR -CXC chemokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from patients with the clinical/pathological diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis, and resolve the current discrepancies within the literature [9][10][11][12][13]. Moreover, this study aimed to elucidate the cellular sources of specific IFN-inducible ELR -CXC chemokines and determine which cells express CXCR3 during the pathogenesis of pulmonary sarcoidosis.…”