Elevated CO2and Temperature have Different Effects on Leaf Anatomy of Perennial Ryegrass in Spring and Summer

Ferris, Rachel; Nijs, Ivan; Behaeghe, T.; Impens, I.

doi:10.1006/anbo.1996.0146

Cited by 71 publications

(67 citation statements)

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“…Temperature appears positively correlated with SD (Ferris et al, 1996;Reddy et al, 1998;; but see Apple et al, 2000), a likely consequence of enhanced water stress. Temperature may also affect SI (Ferris et al, 1996;, suggesting an in¯uence on stomatal initiation.…”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 91%

“…In general, stomatal density increases from leaf base to tip (Salisbury, 1927;Dunn, 1968, 1969;Ticha Â, 1982;Smith et al, 1989;Ferris et al, 1996;Zacchini et al, 1997;Stancato et al, 1999). SD also often increases from leaf midrib to margin (Salisbury, 1927;Sharma and Dunn, 1968;Smith et al, 1989), although sometimes the differences are not signi®cant (Sharma and Dunn, 1969;Ticha Â 1982).…”

Section: Natural Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Temperature may also affect SI (Ferris et al, 1996;, suggesting an in¯uence on stomatal initiation. Reddy et al (1998), however, found no response.…”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Stomatal density and stomatal index as indicators of paleoatmospheric CO2 concentration

Royer

2001

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

373

317

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Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Natural Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stomatal density and stomatal index as indicators of paleoatmospheric CO2 concentration

Royer

2001

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

373

317

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“…The constancy of l sd and l f seen in this experiment would then simply mean that the rate of cell elongation and the rate at which a cell reaches the "critical" state, conditioning partitioning and cessation of growth, are increased by a similar proportion when cellular sugar concentrations increase. However, there is no reason to exclude the possibility that in other species and under different growth conditions, these two sets of parameters may show a differential sensitivity to sugars, leading to variations in l sd or l f as reported, for example, by Ferris et al (1996) in perennial rye-grass under elevated [CO 2 ] or by Beemster et al (1996) in wheat under root stress. This second interpretation for the constancy of l f in this experiment appeals to us in that it provides a unified explanation for the present data as well as others where l sd and/or l f have been found to vary.…”

Section: Elevated [Co 2 ] Affects Epidermal Cell Elongation Rate But mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Elevated CO2 Concentrations on Cell Division Rates, Growth Patterns, and Blade Anatomy in Young Wheat Plants Are Modulated by Factors Related to Leaf Position, Vernalization, and Genotype

Masle

2000

Plant Physiology

100

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This study demonstrates that elevated [CO 2 ] has profound effects on cell division and expansion in developing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) leaves and on the quantitative integration of these processes in whole-leaf growth kinetics, anatomy, and carbon content. The expression of these effects, however, is modified by intrinsic factors related to genetic makeup and leaf position, and also by exposure to low vernalizing temperatures at germination. Beyond these interactions, leaf developmental responses to elevated [CO 2 ] in wheat share several remarkable features that were conserved across all leaves examined. Most significantly: (a) the contribution of [CO 2 ] effects on meristem size and activity in driving differences in whole-blade growth kinetics and final dimensions; (b) an anisotropy in cellular growth responses to elevated [CO 2 ], with final cell length and expansion in the paradermal plane being highly conserved, even when the rates and duration of cell elongation were modified, while cell cross-sectional areas were increased; (c) tissuespecific effects of elevated [CO 2 ], with significant modifications of mesophyll anatomy, including an increased extension of intercellular air spaces and the formation of, on average, one extra cell layer, while epidermal anatomy was mostly unaltered. Our results indicate complex developmental regulations of sugar effects in expanding leaves that are subjected to genetic variation and influenced by environmental cues important in the promotion of floral initiation. They also provide insights into apparently contradictory and inconsistent conclusions of published CO 2 enrichment studies in wheat.The consequences for plant growth and morphogenesis of variations in photosynthesis depend on the efficiency of the conversion of triose-P into Suc and of phloem loading at the sites of Suc production and unloading in growing sinks. Ultimately, however, they depend on the sensitivity to sugar supply of a suite of developmental processes involved in meristem initiation, cell division, expansion, and differentiation, and of the mechanisms that regulate the integration of these processes in the formation of organs with a certain shape, size, and structure. The aim of the present study was to investigate this latter area using atmospheric [CO 2 ] as a tool for manipulating sugar supply to expanding organs and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as a model experimental system.Based on experiments at the whole-plant or whole-leaf level, it has been reported that, relative to other species, wheat is not very responsive to elevated [CO 2 ], especially at early stages. It has been argued (Nicolas et al., 1993;Christ and Kö rner, 1995; Slafer and Rawson, 1997) that while it enhances tillering by promoting the development of axillary meristems, elevated [CO 2 ] has little to no effect on leaf development and growth in wheat, a conclusion also recently put forward for rice, another important cereal (Jitla et al., 1997). These reports challenged the evidence from other studies using wheat and a ...

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“…Leaf stomatal density is an important ecophysiological parameter affecting gas exchange. Lower densities may enhance water use efficiency due to decreased pathways for diffusion (Ferris et al 1996). Plants with hypostomatous leaves, like lowbush blueberries, may have an advantage over those with amphistomatous leaves under drought conditions, as the former likely have greater control over gas exchange since there is only one porous side (Parkhurst 1978).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance of lowbush blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) to drought stress. II. Leaf gas exchange, stem water potential and dry matter partitioning

Glass

Percival²,

Proctor³

2005

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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2005. Tolerance of lowbush blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) to drought stress. II. Leaf gas exchange, stem water potential and dry matter partitioning. Can. J. Plant Sci. 85: 919-927. A 2-yr field study examining the effect of soil moisture on plant water status, photosynthesis and gas exchange parameters in lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) was conducted at the Nova Scotia Wild Blueberry Institute (NSWBI), Debert, NS. Drought and irrigation treatments were applied over two years in either or both the vegetative and cropping years of production. Midday stem water potential values indicated that all treatments resulted in drought stress. Mean stem water potential values ranged from-1.41 to-1.45 MPa. Predawn stem water potentials in the vegetative growth season indicated that although some recharging and recovery of water loss occurred overnight, the drought-stressed plants did not fully return to pre-stress levels under the moisture-limiting conditions. Higher chlorophyll a and b levels were observed in the single-season drought treatment. Leaves of irrigated plants in both sprout and crop years had the highest stomatal density. There were no differences in photosynthetic rate (Pn) among treatments despite the lower stomatal conductance resulting from limited soil moisture. Key words: Photosynthesis, stomate, stem water potential Glass, V. M., Percival, D. C. et Proctor, J. T. A. 2005. Tolérance du bleuet nain (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) à la sécher-esse. II. Échanges gazeux des feuilles, potentiel hydrique des tiges et répartition de la matière sèche. Can. J. Plant Sci. 85: 919-927. Pendant deux ans, les auteurs ont étudié les incidences de la teneur en eau du sol sur le bilan hydrique, la photosynthèse et les paramètres des échanges gazeux chez le bleuet nain (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) au NSWBI de Debert (N.-É.). Pour cela, il ont soumis les plants à la sécheresse et à l'irrigation durant leurs périodes végétatives et productives. Le potentiel hydrique des tiges à mi-journée révèle que les traitements causent tous un stress hydrique. Le potentiel hydrique des tiges varie en moyenne de-1,41 à-1,45 MPa. Avant l'aube, le potentiel hydrique des tiges relevé pendant la période végétative indique que si la plante récupère en partie l'eau perdue durant la nuit, les plants supportant la sécheresse ne reviennent pas totalement au stade qui précède le stress quand la quantité d'eau est limitée. Les auteurs ont noté une plus forte concentration de chlorophylle a et b quand la sécheresse ne survient qu'une seule saison. Les feuilles des plants irrigués à la fois durant l'année végétative et durant l'année reproductive présentent la plus grande densité de stomates. On n'a relevé aucune variation dans le taux de photosynthèse entre les différents traitements, bien que la teneur en eau réduite du sol se solde par une plus faible conductance des stomates.

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Elevated CO2and Temperature have Different Effects on Leaf Anatomy of Perennial Ryegrass in Spring and Summer

Cited by 71 publications

References 0 publications

Stomatal density and stomatal index as indicators of paleoatmospheric CO2 concentration

Stomatal density and stomatal index as indicators of paleoatmospheric CO2 concentration

The Effects of Elevated CO2 Concentrations on Cell Division Rates, Growth Patterns, and Blade Anatomy in Young Wheat Plants Are Modulated by Factors Related to Leaf Position, Vernalization, and Genotype

Tolerance of lowbush blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) to drought stress. II. Leaf gas exchange, stem water potential and dry matter partitioning

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