Elevated circulating level of a cytokine, pancreatic‐derived factor, is associated with metabolic syndrome components in a Chinese population

Abstract

Aims/IntroductionPancreatic‐derived factor (PANDER) is an important factor involved in obesity, glucose intolerance and abnormal lipid metabolism in animals. Nevertheless, the relationship between PANDER and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in humans has not yet been reported.Materials and MethodsTo determinate the relationship between PANDER and MetS components, 212 individuals aged between 40 and 65 years were recruited. Fasting plasma PANDER and other variables were measured. Correlations of plasma PANDER and other variables were carried out. Plasma PANDER level was compared in participants with no metabolic components and those with any metabolic components, as well as in normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus participants.ResultsIn all the participants, there were 65 participants in the no metabolic components group and 147 participants in the any metabolic components group. Plasma PANDER level was increased with the number of MetS components (P < 0.05) and correlated with metabolic score (r = 0. 529, P < 0.001). In addition, plasma PANDER significantly correlated with fasting plasma glucose (r = 0.187, P = 0.046), 2‐h plasma glucose (r = 0.195, P = 0.035), homeostasis model assessment of β‐cell function (r = −0.191, P = 0.039), triglyceride (r = 0.305, P = 0.001) and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = −0.333, P < 0.001). Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, circulating PANDER was associated with an increased risk ratio of impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes mellitus (odds ratio 2.22, 95% confidence interval 1.15–4.42, P = 0.018) after adjustment of the other possible confounders.ConclusionsCirculating level of PANDER in relation to the accumulation in MetS suggested that persons with elevated levels of PANDER were associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome.

Quantitative proteomic profiling reveals hepatic lipogenesis and liver X receptor activation in the PANDER transgenic model

“…During preparation of this manuscript, the first report examining circulating PANDER is currently in-press and measured these levels in an Asian population (n=212, aged 40–65) with varying degrees of glucose intolerance and T2D (Cao, Yang, Lai et al, 2015). Cao et al revealed systemic PANDER levels are significantly correlated with increased fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.…”

“…Encompassing prior PANDER research, an emerging hypothesis suggests that the pathophysiological conditions of T2D could potentially induce increased circulating PANDER levels contributing to selective hepatic insulin resistance (SHIR) resulting in increased hepatic glucose output and lipogenesis (Wilson, Robert-Cooperman and Burkhardt, 2011, Wang, Burkhardt, Guan et al, 2012), as precisely observed in our PANTG model. Recent evidence has now indicated that circulating PANDER levels are elevated and associated with metabolic syndrome components in a Chinese population (Cao, Yang, Lai et al, 2015). Plasma PANDER levels significantly correlated with fasting plasma glucose, 2 hour plasma glucose, and triglyceride levels.…”

Effects of circulating member B of the family with sequence similarity 3 on the risk of developing metabolic syndrome and its components: A 5‐year prospective study

“…It is probably because FAM3B, both full‐length and recombinant, can also induce islet β‐cell apoptosis by upregulating caspase‐3. Coincidentally, a cross‐sectional study has proved that FAM3B is negatively associated with FINS in humans. Furthermore, compared with new‐onset diabetes and healthy controls, circulating FAM3B levels are significantly increased in individuals with long‐standing diabetes mellitus.…”

FAM3B (PANDER) functions as a co‐activator of FOXO1 to promote gluconeogenesis in hepatocytes

“…[17][18][19] Overall, these clinical and experimental studies had established that PANDER plays important roles in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. [17][18][19][20] In the previous study, 13 we demonstrated that PANDER promotes the lipogenesis in hepatocytes by inhibiting Akt to activate FOXO1. However, whether PANDER activates FOXO1 activity via other mechanism(s) beyond Akt repression remains unknown.…”