Elevated circulating fibrocyte levels in patients with hypertensive heart disease

Keeley, Ellen C.; Mehrad, Borna; Janardhanan, Rajesh; Salerno, Michael; Hunter, Jennifer R; Burdick, Marie; Field, Joshua J.; Strieter, Robert M.; Kramer, Christopher M.

doi:10.1097/hjh.0b013e32835639bb

Cited by 44 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…These mesenchymal cells produce large amounts of IL-6 in response to TLR2, TLR4, and TLR7 activation (Balmelli et al, 2007) and have the ability to enter sites of injury, where they mediate wound healing. Patients with hypertensive heart disease had increased circulating levels of fibrocytes and there was a strong correlation between left ventricular mass index and fibrocyte number (Keeley et al, 2012). Fibrocytes have also been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis and in myocardial fibrosis (Reilkoff et al, 2011); however, the exact mechanisms by which TLRs affect the function of these cells in the adventitial microenvironment are unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toll-like Receptors in the Vascular System: Sensing the Dangers Within

2015

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toll-like Receptors in the Vascular System: Sensing the Dangers Within

2015

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“…Fibrocytes are known to express several chemokine receptors and to display chemotaxis in response to the ligands of these receptors. CXCR4 is the most commonly expressed chemokine receptor on peripheral blood fibrocytes in both humans and mice and is involved in fibrocyte traffic in mouse models of lung fibrosis and in vitro chemotaxis with human cells (6,8,23,30). Smaller and overlapping subsets of fibrocytes express CCR2 and CCR7, and the ligands for these receptors have also been implicated in fibrocyte traffic in several animal models of fibrotic diseases (7,18,31,32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Fibrocytes as Biomarker of Prognosis in Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome

Trimble¹,

Gochuico

Markello

et al. 2014

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

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Rationale: The rate of progression of most interstitial lung diseases (ILD) is unpredictable. Fibrocytes are circulating bone marrow-derived cells that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS), a genetic cause of ILD in early adulthood, allows for study of biomarkers of ILD in a homogeneous population at near-certain risk of developing fibrotic lung disease.Objectives: To test the hypothesis that, in subjects with HPS, the number or phenotype of circulating fibrocytes predicts progression and outcome of ILD.Methods: We measured circulating fibrocyte counts and chemokine levels in a cohort of subjects with HPS and healthy control subjects and correlated the results to disease outcome. Measurements and Main Results:In a cross-sectional analysis, peripheral blood fibrocyte concentrations were markedly elevated in a subset of subjects with HPS who had ILD but not subjects without lung disease or normal control subjects. The blood concentration of fibrocytes expressing the chemokine receptor CXCR4 correlated significantly with the plasma concentration of the CXCR4 ligand, CXCL12. In a longitudinal study, we found marked episodic elevations in circulating fibrocyte counts over a median follow-up period of 614 days. Elevations in both maximal values and final values of peripheral blood CXCR4 1 fibrocyte concentration were strongly associated with death from ILD. Conclusions: CXCR41 fibrocyte concentration may be useful as a biomarker for outcome of ILD in subjects with HPS.

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“…The CCR2 receptor is involved in the process of angiotensin-induced cardiac fibrosis, but does not protect against complications in the form of dilatation and systolic dysfunction [23]. Greater expression of the genes for the CCR2 receptor, CXCR4 and CCR7 has been noted in patients with hypertensive heart disease as compared to normotensive controls [24]. MCP-1 is involved not only in the migration of leukocytes to the vascular wall, but also participates in the pathogenesis of hypertensive heart disease.…”

Section: The Role Of Mcp-1 In the Pathogenesis Of Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Chemokines in Hypertension

Martynowicz¹,

Janus²,

Nowacki³

et al. 2014

Adv Clin Exp Med

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Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which is a serious health problem in the highly industrialized countries. In more than 95% of the cases, the etiology of hypertension remains unknown. a key role in the etiology of hypertension is played by endothelial dysfunction and the inflammatory reaction in the vascular wall, in which the low molecular weight proteins -so-called chemokines -are involved. The chemokines involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension include monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MCP-1, CCL2, interferon--inducible protein (IP-10; CXCL10), interleukin-8 (IL-8; CXCL8), RaNTeS (CCL5), fractalkine (CX3CL1) and their receptors CCR2, CCR5, CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCR3 and CX3CR1. The mechanisms involving chemokines and their receptors in the pathogenesis of hypertension are complex and not fully understood. They include the impact of the migration of macrophages and monocytes to the vascular wall, endothelial dysfunction, effects on nitric oxide and endothelin-1 and smooth muscle cell proliferation. Chemokines are also involved in the pathogenesis of complications of hypertension, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial and renal fibrosis. Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. In Poland, cardiovascular diseases pose a major medical, economic and social problem. The prevalence of hypertension in Poland reaches 32% of the adult population, but only one in three Poles suffering from hypertension is aware of the disease [1]. In more than 95% of the cases, the etiology of essential hypertension remains unknown. a significant role in the pathogenesis of hypertension is played by genetic factors regulating the transport of ions and water, renal hemodynamics and the function of numerous hormones such as aldosterone, catecholamines, renin, vasopressin and endothelin-1 (eT-1). The level of blood pressure depends on the interplay of numerous systems and factors such as the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RaaS), the sympathetic nervous system, natriuretic peptides and the vascular endothelium. blood pressure level is also affected by factors such as sodium intake, low physical activity, stress and obesity. In recent years, attention has been paid to the participation of inflammatory factors in the etiology of hypertension leading to endothelial dysfunction, which in turn plays a key role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Low molecular weight proteins of the cytokine family which have the ability to stimulate and control leukocyte migration -so-called chemokines -participate in the inflammatory reaction involving the vascular wall. These proteins have the ability to bind to receptors associated with 7-transdomain G proteins; however, most chemokines bind to more than one receptor, and the receptors are capable of binding more than one * dorian Nowacki's doctoral scholarship is co-financed by the european Union as part of the european Social fund.

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Elevated circulating fibrocyte levels in patients with hypertensive heart disease

Cited by 44 publications

References 37 publications

Toll-like Receptors in the Vascular System: Sensing the Dangers Within

Toll-like Receptors in the Vascular System: Sensing the Dangers Within

Circulating Fibrocytes as Biomarker of Prognosis in Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome

The Role of Chemokines in Hypertension

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