Elemental distribution in urban sediments of small waterbodies and its implications: a case study from Kolkata, India

Jha, Poulami; Banerjee, Shamayita; Bhuyan, Prajamitra; Sudarshan, M.; Dewanji, Anup

doi:10.1007/s10653-019-00377-5

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…in the sediment is much higher than the reference Cr concentration in several earth crusts(Taylor and McLennon, 1985;McLennan, 2001) indicating the anthropogenic origin of Cr enrichment in the sediments of these WFAs(Lone et al, 2018). This is also con rmed by a high concentration of Cr (298.76 to 443.85 ppm) detected from the terrestrial lands used for municipal solid waste dumping in the eastern part of EKW(Agarwal et al, 2023) Jha et al, (2020). determined Cr concentration in the sediment of fteen ponds and six canals in Kolkata and observed a very high mean concentration of Cr (308.46 mg/kg).…”

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confidence: 80%

Transfer of chromium from environment to fish in East Kolkata wetlands – evaluation by structural equation modeling

Ghosh,

Saha,

Kaviraj

et al. 2023

Environ Monit Assess

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Chromium (Cr) is a signi cant pollutant in the e uents from leather industries as well as in domestic city sewage. Cr was determined in water, sediment and different tissues (gill, muscle, intestine, liver, and kidney) of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus harvested from wastewater-fed aquaculture (WFA) ponds situated at Bamonghata, Bantala, Chowbaga and Chingrighata of East Kolkata Wetlands (EKW), a Ramsar site in West Bengal, India. The results showed that Cr concentration in surface water ranged between 0.05 to 0.15 mg/L, while Cr was detected at high concentration (100 -300 mg/kg) in the sediment soil of the rst three WFAs and in moderate concentration (50 -110 mg/kg) in Chingrighata WFA. Average Cr concentrations in the tissues were ranked in the following sequence: kidney>liver>intestine>gill>muscle. However, the extent of accumulation of Cr in different tissues varied between the WFAs. We used Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to determine the route of Cr transfer. The tness of the model was evaluated by the performance measures. Cr accumulation pathways varied between the sites depending upon the level of Cr in water or sediment. Except for Bamonghata WFA, sediment was found as the principal source of accumulation of Cr in different tissues of O. niloticus. Cr re uxed from sediment into overlying water and accumulated in sh either through the food chain or through direct accumulation from water. In Bamonghata WFA, the role of sediment in the transfer of Cr could not be established due to the high depth of water or biological non-availability of Cr in the sediment. It is concluded from this study that sh reared in the WFAs of EKW are still not hazardous in respect of Cr, but require proper management to avoid the in ux of Cr-containing e uents into the WFAs. HighlightsCr is a signi cant pollutant in East Kolkata Wetlands (EKW) Sediment of wastewater fed aquaculture ponds (WFA) of EKW is a sink of Cr Transfer of Cr from sediment or water to Oreochomis niloticus is explained Maximum and minimum Cr was detected in the kidney and muscle, respectively Structural Equation Modelling is a helpful tool to explain transfer of Cr

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confidence: 80%

Transfer of chromium from environment to fish in East Kolkata wetlands – evaluation by structural equation modeling

Ghosh,

Saha,

Kaviraj

et al. 2023

Environ Monit Assess

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“…A potential explanation for the strong association between temperature and summer cholera witnessed in our study is that urban surface water is an important transmission route early in the year. Kolkata residents often come into contact with urban water sources such as ponds, rivers and lakes for the purposes of washing, bathing and swimming [ 34 – 36 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

Seasonality of cholera in Kolkata and the influence of climate

Shackleton,

Economou,

Memon

et al. 2023

BMC Infect Dis

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Background Cholera in Kolkata remains endemic and the Indian city is burdened with a high number of annual cases. Climate change is widely considered to exacerbate cholera, however the precise relationship between climate and cholera is highly heterogeneous in space and considerable variation can be observed even within the Indian subcontinent. To date, relatively few studies have been conducted regarding the influence of climate on cholera in Kolkata. Methods We considered 21 years of confirmed cholera cases from the Infectious Disease Hospital in Kolkata during the period of 1999–2019. We used Generalised Additive Modelling (GAM) to extract the non-linear relationship between cholera and different climatic factors; temperature, rainfall and sea surface temperature (SST). Peak associated lag times were identified using cross-correlation lag analysis. Results Our findings revealed a bi-annual pattern of cholera cases with two peaks coinciding with the increase in temperature in summer and the onset of monsoon rains. Variables selected as explanatory variables in the GAM model were temperature and rainfall. Temperature was the only significant factor associated with summer cholera (mean temperature of 30.3 °C associated with RR of 3.8) while rainfall was found to be the main driver of monsoon cholera (550 mm total monthly rainfall associated with RR of 3.38). Lag time analysis revealed that the association between temperature and cholera cases in the summer had a longer peak lag time compared to that between rainfall and cholera during the monsoon. We propose several mechanisms by which these relationships are mediated. Conclusions Kolkata exhibits a dual-peak phenomenon with independent mediating factors. We suggest that the summer peak is due to increased bacterial concentration in urban water bodies, while the monsoon peak is driven by contaminated flood waters. Our results underscore the potential utility of preventative strategies tailored to these seasonal and climatic patterns, including efforts to reduce direct contact with urban water bodies in summer and to protect residents from flood waters during monsoon.

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