Understanding and Monitoring Chemical and Biological Soil Degradation

Saljnikov, Elmira; Lavrishchev, Anton; Römbke, Jörg; Rinklebe, Jörg; Scherber, Christoph; Wilke, Berndt‐Michael; Tóth, Tibor; Blum, Winfried E. H.; Behrendt, Undine; Eulenstein, Frank; Mirschel, Wilfried; Meyer, Burghard C.; Schindler, Uwe; Urazaliev, Kairat; Mueller, Lothar

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-85682-3_3

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 393 publications

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“…However, the ever-growing population of the Earth requires increased food production while the area of agricultural land is decreasing (Saljnikov et al, 2022). This means that higher yields should be obtained per unit area, which is achieved using higher fertilizer doses in most cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in <em>Eutric Cambisol</em> due to long-term mineral fertilisation: A case study in Serbia

et al. 2022

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The paper presents the results of a 50-year fertilisation experiment on Eutric Cambisol with increasing doses of nitrogen and constant doses of phosphorus and potassium. The changes in main parameters of soil fertility were compared with the initial level at the beginning of the experiment in 1963 (baseline), as well as with the adjacent natural meadow soil. The long-term application of mineral fertilisers without replenishment of calcium resulted in strong acidification, an increase in clay content, an increase in the number of fungi, and a decrease in the number of ammonifiers and oligonitrophiles. In the fertilised treatments, an increase in the content of plant-available phosphorus and potassium and a significant decrease in the plant available boron and zinc with an increase in the N dose were observed. Long-term addition of high doses of N harmed the total number of microflora, actinomycetes, ammonifiers, and oligonitrophiles compared to untreated meadow soil. Significant changes in soil’s physical and chemical properties resulted in the transformation of Eutric Cambisol into Dystric Cambisol. Inappropriate agricultural practices, such as adding only mineral fertilisers, can lead to significant soil degradation even on the sites with favourable bioclimatic conditions for cropping. The results showed that causal chains between microbiological and chemical parameters need to be better researched and understood in the future. This and other long-term experimental results should be used to calibrate agro-ecosystem models in Serbia. Highlights - Due to a long-term mineral fertilisation Eutric Cambisol transformed into Dystric Cambisol. - A sharp drop in soil pH did not affect the yield of crops. - The total number of microflora correlated with the amount of fungi in the soil. - Degradation of soil fertility parameters persists under mineral fertilisation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in <em>Eutric Cambisol</em> due to long-term mineral fertilisation: A case study in Serbia

et al. 2022

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Complementing seedling planting with nucleation techniques increases forest restoration potential in areas around bauxite mining

Fonseca,

Martins,

Fioresi

et al. 2024

Land Degrad Dev

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The soil seed bank is one of the most important ecological indicators to evaluate and monitor the ecological restoration process of plant communities. We aimed to analyze the influence of two different ecological restoration techniques on the diversity and floristic composition of the soil seed bank and of standing vegetation, in two 4‐year‐old areas under forest restoration around bauxite mining, Southeast Brazil. A total of 30 soil samples were collected in each area (SPN—forest restoration by seedling planting in rows and nucleation techniques between planting rows and SP—forest restoration by seedling planting in rows). The samples were transported to a shade house and evaluated for 6 months, where germinated individuals were counted and identified weekly. A floristic census of shrub/tree species was conducted to assess the diversity of standing vegetation. The results indicated that the soil seed banks of the two areas are floristically similar (predominance of pioneer, herbaceous, and native origin species). The two restoration techniques did not differ in their effects on the species composition of the soil seed bank, mainly due to the restoration age. However, when analyzing the standing vegetation, 38 species were recorded in SPN, while only 20 species were in SP. This result demonstrates that nucleation techniques contributed to the increase in species diversity in SPN. We conclude that combining seedling planting in rows with nucleation techniques (topsoil transposition, direct seeding, and artificial perches) can enhance species diversity in standing vegetation, improve forest functionality, and consequently enhance the potential for forest restoration.

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