Electrostatic spark ignition of sensitive dust clouds of MIE&lt;1mJ

Eckhoff, Rolf K.; Randeberg, Erlend

doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2007.03.011

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Work is currently being conducted at the University of Bergen to eliminate this problem. Whether new MIE measurements using the improved spark discharge circuit will necessitate adjustment of the very low MIEs for some dust clouds reported by Randeberg and Eckhoff [69] and Eckhoff and Randeberg [70] remains to be seen. Recently Wu et al [71], using a measurement system with a lower spark energy limit of 1 mJ, reported that clouds in air of a number of very fine titanium and iron powders could be readily ignited by a spark of 1 mJ energy, which means that their MIEs were in fact significantly lower than this value.…”

Section: Electric/electrostatic Discharges Between Two Metal Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dust Explosion Prevention and Mitigation, Status and Developments in Basic Knowledge and in Practical Application

Eckhoff

2009

International Journal of Chemical Engineering

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Right from the early days of the process industries, continuous efforts have been made to develop and improve measures for prevention and mitigation of dust explosions in these industries. Nevertheless this hazard continues to threaten industries that manufacture, use and/or handle powders and dusts of a wide range of combustible materials. To improve methods for predicting explosion development in real industrial plant has been one major challenge. Hence, during the last years comprehensive numerical simulation codes, for addressing this problem, have been developed. Progress has also been made in other areas, for example, ignition source prevention. The importance of adopting inherently safer process design, by building on firm knowledge in powder science and technology, and of systematic education/training of personnel, is also emphasized.

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Section: Electric/electrostatic Discharges Between Two Metal Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dust Explosion Prevention and Mitigation, Status and Developments in Basic Knowledge and in Practical Application

Eckhoff

2009

International Journal of Chemical Engineering

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“…Dust explosions can destroy plant infrastructure and can lead to loss of life. These explosions can occur when an ignition source, oxygen and fuel, such as airborne dust, is present in a confined space [2]. Plant operators install dust suppression systems in biomass handling and storage facilities to control risks of dust explosions and minimise the entrainment of dust into the air.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Modelling and Validation Approach for Predicting Particle Concentrations of Airborne Dust during the Filling Process of Cylindrical Silos

et al. 2021

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Traditionally, when undertaking feasibility studies for designing new storage facilities such as storage silos, engineers will extract design information from experiments and evaluate potential risks associated with health and safety, suitability design for reliable material flow, and quality of products. The simulation approach applied incorporates Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), and Discrete Element Modelling (DEM) approaches and experimental tests will be used for validating these simulation results. One important aspect related to handling fine and dusty materials (particles smaller than 100 microns) is the associated risk of dust explosions, which needs to be evaluated before the commissioning of storage silos; to evaluate the accumulation of fines during the silo filling process, simulations and experiments were conducted. Alumina and salt were used here as reference materials for calibration and the validation purposes. The validation efforts are significant due to the fact that the data that is accessible in simulations is vastly different to the accessible data in experiments, which is restricted by measurement techniques and equipment. Such restrictions are observed in the evaluation of particle concentrations in a large confined volume. A new methodology has been developed to evaluate concentrations in both simulations and experiments by employing a non-dimensional factor [k], here called “Concentration Rank Factor” (CRF). A significant finding of this research is that experiments and simulations can be compared using CRF. It has been found to be within 2% of the experiment averaged value of 0.64.

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“…Whitmore [12] used the modified Hartmann tube apparatus to give characteristics of dust explosion violence. Eckhoff and Randeberg [13] also developed a new spark generator capable of producing synchronized capacitive sparks of energies down to the order of 0.01 mJ and determined the MIE for very sensitive powders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum ignition energy for micro and nano flash powders

Azhagurajan¹,

Selvakumar²,

Yasin

2011

Process Safety Progress

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The minimum ignition energy (MIE) of dust clouds is required to assess the electrostatic ignition risk. Recently, the growing number of accidents shows that fire and explosions occurring in fireworks industry are due to electrostatic discharge (ESD). The objective of the this paper is to discuss the various practical concerns during the handling of flash powders of various compositions containing potassium nitrate, sulfur, and aluminum in fireworks. These powders form dust clouds and cause fires and explosions because the MIEs of these dust clouds are very low. This study is carried out with powders of various sizes ranging from micron and nanometer. The measurements are done by using a 1.2-L Hartmann apparatus. The experimental results show that the MIEs for flash powders are in the range from 89.2 to 19.8 mJ for micronand nano-sized particles. The experimental results are given for various changes, such as: electrode gap, electrode material, and dust concentration, dust composition, etc. If the nano flash powder is mixed with micron powders, the MIE is greatly reduced, and it becomes extremely combustible. Therefore, it is imperative for fireworks manufacturers, or anyone handling these dusts, to take precautionary measures to prevent fires and explosions involving ESDs.

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Electrostatic spark ignition of sensitive dust clouds of MIE<1mJ

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

Dust Explosion Prevention and Mitigation, Status and Developments in Basic Knowledge and in Practical Application

Dust Explosion Prevention and Mitigation, Status and Developments in Basic Knowledge and in Practical Application

A Modelling and Validation Approach for Predicting Particle Concentrations of Airborne Dust during the Filling Process of Cylindrical Silos

Minimum ignition energy for micro and nano flash powders

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