Electrostatic Discharge Current Linear Approach and Circuit Design Method

Katsivelis, Pavlos K.; Fotis, Georgios; Gonos, Ioannis F.; Koussiouris, Tryfon G.; Stathopulos, I.A.

doi:10.3390/en3111728

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Future work includes the evaluation of the method for negative polarity ESD pulses, as well as the comparison of the results presented in this article with results acquired with different current probes, in order to better investigate the probe-loading effect on the initial peak measurements. The utilization of an electromagnetic simulation software and the efficient circuit modeling techniques presented in recent bibliography [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31], for the investigation of the method for a wider frequency range (potentially up to 6 GHz), can provide useful information regarding the parameters taken into consideration during the procedure described in Section 2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the ESD Reconstruction Methodology Based on Current Probe Measurements and Frequency Response Compensation for Different ESD Generators and Severity Test Levels

et al. 2021

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System-level electrostatic discharge testing according to IEC 61000-4-2 has been the main standardized electrostatic discharge immunity testing procedure for the last few decades. The correlation between a failed test result and the injected electrostatic discharge current waveform characteristics, as well as the reduced reproducibility of the standard methodology, have always concerned product manufacturers and test engineers. In an effort to accurately reconstruct the electrostatic discharge current during immunity testing, researchers are focusing more and more on the usability of current probes in capturing the injected current in “real time”. In this article, the results of a proposed methodology, based on current probe measurements and a frequency response compensation method, published in recent bibliography, for different test levels and electrostatic discharge generators are presented, aiming to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the method, investigate its universal applicability, and introduce points of future work toward the current reconstruction during system-level electrostatic discharge testing effort.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the ESD Reconstruction Methodology Based on Current Probe Measurements and Frequency Response Compensation for Different ESD Generators and Severity Test Levels

et al. 2021

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“…This standard refers to the equation of the discharge current waveform during contact discharges as it has been defined after the implementation of genetic algorithms [16,17]. Due to the mismatch between the described circuit and the ESD current as described in the current standard, there have been publications on a new ESD circuit design [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic Fields Radiated by Electrostatic Discharges: A Review of the Available Approaches

Fotis

2023

Electronics

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Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is a physical phenomenon that may destroy electronic components due to its high discharge current that may reach a few amperes in just a few ns. However, another major aspect of ESD is the related high-frequency electromagnetic (E/M) fields radiated by the ESD event. The electronic equipment that is affected by the ESD phenomenon is additionally affected by the induced voltages caused by these E/M fields. This is the reason that the current version of the IEC 61000-4-2 on ESD has a special reference to these fields and the measurement setup. Starting with the classical formulation of these fields, this paper reviews the most popular techniques for calculating the ESD electromagnetic fields while also emphasizing the best methods for minimizing computational effort. There is also a separate section for the measurement techniques that have been applied in research works, whose outcomes could be implemented in the next revision of the IEC 61000-4-2. It is extremely important for the next revision to include these measurement setups and the E/M field sensors because the ESD generators should comply with certain values related to the E/M fields they produce.

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“…Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is defined as the sudden release of energy between two objects when they come into contact; it is a physical phenomenon that is intertwined with many different aspects in many scientific fields [1,2]. It combines high voltages with charging voltages that are usually a few kV, electronics; the discharge current destroys high tech electronic equipment [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], and of course electromagnetic field and electromagnetic compatibility [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], vulnerable equipment that must be shielded against the transient electromagnetic fields (the phenomenon lasts only a few ns) coming from the ESD event and the severe consequences of the ESD current, which may reach some Amperes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rise Time and Peak Current Measurement of ESD Current from Air Discharges with Uncertainty Calculation

2022

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The greater number of electrostatic discharges (ESDs) that occur in nature is by air rather than by contact. However, due to low reproducibility in the current of air discharges, the IEC 61000-4-2 defines that the current’s calibration of an ESD gun must be made only for contact discharges. In the work presented here, there is an attempt to improve the poor reproducibility of air discharges by a significant observation derived from ESD measurements and, more specifically, the relationship between the rise time and the peak current for every ESD gun. This fact validated in this paper from current measurements of two different ESD guns will help all who are involved in ESD measurements in EMC laboratories by reducing the existing uncertainty in measurements of air discharges.

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Electrostatic Discharge Current Linear Approach and Circuit Design Method

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Analysis of the ESD Reconstruction Methodology Based on Current Probe Measurements and Frequency Response Compensation for Different ESD Generators and Severity Test Levels

Analysis of the ESD Reconstruction Methodology Based on Current Probe Measurements and Frequency Response Compensation for Different ESD Generators and Severity Test Levels

Electromagnetic Fields Radiated by Electrostatic Discharges: A Review of the Available Approaches

Rise Time and Peak Current Measurement of ESD Current from Air Discharges with Uncertainty Calculation

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