Electrospun PCL/mupirocin and chitosan/lidocaine hydrochloride multifunctional double layer nanofibrous scaffolds for wound dressing applications

Abstract

BackgroundAn ideal wound dressing should exhibit good biocompatibility, minimize pain and infection, absorb excess exudates, and maintain a moist environment. However, few clinical products meet all these needs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to fabricate a multifunctional double layer nanofibrous scaffolds (DLS) as a potential material for wound dressing.Materials and methodsThe scaffold was formed from mupirocin and lidocaine hydrochloride homogeneously incorporated into polycaprolactone as the first layer of scaffolds and chitosan as the second layer of scaffolds nanofibers through electrospinning. The fabricated nanofibrous scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and measurement of swelling ratio, contact angle, drug release, and mechanical properties. Furthermore, antibacterial assessment, live/dead cell assays, and MTT assays were used to investigate the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the nanofibrous scaffolds.ResultsThe morphology of the nanofibrous scaffolds was studied by scanning electron microscopy, showing successful nanofibrous scaffolds. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated the successful incorporation of the material used to produce the produced nanofibrous scaffolds. Thermal studies with thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry indicated that the DLS had high thermal stability. The DLS also showed good in vitro characteristics in terms of improved swelling ratio and contact angle. The mechanical results revealed that the DLS had an improved tensile strength of 3.88 MPa compared with the second layer of scaffold (2.81 MPa). The release of drugs from the scaffold showed different profiles for the two drugs. Lidocaine hydrochlo ride exhibited an initial burst release (66% release within an hour); however, mupirocin exhibited only a 5% release. Furthermore, the DLS nanofibers displayed highly effective antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and were nontoxic to fibroblasts.ConclusionThe fabricated DLS exhibited excellent hydrophilicity, cytocompatibility, sustained drug release, and antibacterial activity, which are favorable qualities for its use as a multifunctional material for wound dressing applications.

Physical and biological properties of blend‐electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan‐based wound dressings loaded with N‐decyl‐N, N‐dimethyl‐1‐decanaminium chloride: An in vitro and in vivo study

“…These consequences indicate that the DDAC does not affect the electrospinning; also the proper concentration of DDAC can reduce the diameter of the nanofibers, which is shown in Figure 1f. As a comparison with a study on electrospun PCL/mupirocin and CS/lidocaine hydrochloride (Li, Wang, Yang, Liu, & Zhang, 2018), the lower diameter of nanofibers and the higher porosity measurements on the present study are more appropriate for wound healing.…”

Long-Term Effect against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus of Emodin Released from Coaxial Electrospinning Nanofiber Membranes with a Biphasic Profile

“…The swelling ratio is an important parameter for evaluating wound dressings [36] and usually tested using the gravimetric method [37]. In this paper, the nanofiber membranes were cut into 3 × 3 cm and immersed in PBS (pH 7.4, 37 ± 1 • C).…”

Electrospun Combination of Peppermint Oil and Copper Sulphate with Conducive Physico-Chemical properties for Wound Dressing Applications

“…An injury is caused due to trauma, burns, or other by other factors like foot ulcers due to diabetes. Once the skin gets affected, it should be treated immediately, otherwise it can cause acute pain, serious infections, and also wound burden [1]. The treatment for the damaged skin involves the use of wound dressing which acts as a skin barrier and aids wound healing [2].…”

“…An ideal wound dressing should be biocompatible, non-allergic, providing a moist environment, facilitates gas exchange, adsorbs exudates, and reduces pain and risk of infection [3]. Further, it should display good biocompatibility and also resemble the native ECM structure for supporting new tissue formation [1,4]. Now-a-days, the nanofibrous scaffold was reported to be widespread in the tissue engineering applications.…”

“…Nanofibers were fabricated using various processing techniques such as emulsion freeze drying, self-assembly, and phase separation [1]. The nanofibers fabricated using the above techniques were used in several applications such as energy applications [5], treatment of water and environment [6], healthcare, and biomedical engineering [7,8].…”