Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes for Highly Sensitive Optical Sensors

Wang, Xianyan; Drew, Christopher; Lee, Soo-Hyoung; Senecal, Kris; Kumar, Jayant; Samuelson, Lynne A.

doi:10.1021/nl020216u

Cited by 747 publications

(477 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Typical applications include bioscaffolding, 10 wound dressing, 11 and filtrations 12 to name a few. Researchers have further explored the possibilities of using electrospun nanofibers in fabricating micro-and nanodevices such as field effect transistors, 13 gas 14 and optical sensors, 15 and deposition of DNA on functional chips. 16 In these and other applications, the controllability of the electrospinning process is critical.…”

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confidence: 99%

Near-Field Electrospinning

et al. 2006

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A near-field electrospinning (NFES) process has been developed to deposit solid nanofibers in a direct, continuous, and controllable manner. A tungsten electrode with tip diameter of 25 µm is used to construct nanofibers of 50−500 nm line width on silicon-based collectors while the liquid polymer solution is supplied in a manner analogous to that of a dip pen. The minimum applied bias voltage is 600 V, and minimum electrode-to-collector distance is 500 µm to achieve position controllable deposition. Charged nanofibers can be orderly collected, making NFES a potential tool in direct write nanofabrication for a variety of materials.Electrically driven liquid jets and the stability of electrically charged droplets have been studied for hundreds of years, 1,2 while the practical apparatus of electrospinning, in which a charged jet of polymer solution is deposited onto a collector under the influence of an electrical field, dated back in 1934. 3 The feasibility to construct long and continuous polymeric, 4-6 ceramic, 7 and composite 8 nanofibers as well as nanotubes 9 with diameters less than 100 nm has been demonstrated using electrospinning. Typical applications include bioscaffolding, 10 wound dressing, 11 and filtrations 12 to name a few. Researchers have further explored the possibilities of using electrospun nanofibers in fabricating micro-and nanodevices such as field effect transistors, 13 gas 14 and optical sensors, 15 and deposition of DNA on functional chips. 16 In these and other applications, the controllability of the electrospinning process is critical. Unfortunately, current setup of electrospinning is unstable in nature as it relies on the chaotic whipping of liquid jets to generate nanofibers. Limited works toward the control of electrospinning have emerged, including aligning nanofibers by electrical field 17 and using rotational mechanical mandrels. 18,19 Furthermore, numerous investigations by means of analytical and experimental methodologies have been conducted to study the fundamental physics and chemistry of electrospinning for further improvement and control, such as the effects of polymer solution concentration, applied voltage, and electrode-to-collector distance. 4,[20][21][22] Here we report experiments of controllable electrospinning based on a new type of "near-field" electrospinning (NFES). Figure 1A illustrates the schematic setup of NFES that merges several disparate concepts. First, the electrode-to-collector distance, h, is in the range of 500 µm to 3 mm to utilize the stable liquid jets region for controllable deposition. Second, a solid tungsten spinneret of 25 µm tip diameter as illustrated in Figure 1B is used in NFES to achieve nanofibers with sub-100-nm resolution. Third, the applied electrostatic voltage is reduced due to the short electrode-to-collector distance while the electrical field in the tip region maintains the strength in the range of 10 7 V/m as those used in conventional electrospinning to activate the process. Fourth, discrete droplets of polymer solu...

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confidence: 99%

Near-Field Electrospinning

et al. 2006

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“…Hence, they can be used in a variety of possible sensing applications. By exploiting their chemical selectivity, polymer nanowires can be used to detect a wide range of chemical compounds including toxics gases, metal ions, and DNA (Huang et al 2003;Wang et al 2002;Ramanathan et al 2005). Polymer nanowires have been studied for use as chemical sensors, biosensors, organic light emitting diodes, and organic solar cells (Huang et al 2003;Liu et al 2004;Ramanathan et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of fluorescent polymer nanofibrous to detect the metal ions (FE 3? and Hg 2? ) has been reported (Wang et al 2002). The polymer nanowires can also be modified as electrical conductors and used to detect NH 3 gas at concentrations as low as 0.5 ppm (Liu et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface plasmon resonance-enhanced light interaction in an integrated ormocomp nanowire

et al. 2016

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An integrated ormocomp nanowire coated with gold metal layer is proposed and its optical characteristics with the effect of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) are studied. The integrated rib-like nanowire has a trapezoidal shape with sidewall angles of 75°. It is coated with 50 nm gold layer to introduce the SPR and enhance the evanescent field in the sensing region located at the dielectric/metal interface. The possible field modes, the normalized power confinement, and the SPR peak position of the nanowire are studied over the wavelength and the metal thickness by using the full-vectorial H-field FEM in quasi-TM mode. The attenuation coefficient of the nanowire, the SPR peak wavelength, and the wavelength shift is experimentally extracted for three different cladding materials. The redshift of the supermode coupling between the dielectric mode and the anti-symmetric supermode is observed with the higher cladding-index and larger metal thickness. The improvement of the power confinement in the sensing region with the SPR effect is ten times (109) better than a previous similar study.

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“…Because of the large boundary surface created by the nanofillers, polymer nanocomposites with new properties are possible to produce. With respect to the importance of electrospun nanofibers in the various fields such as energy and electricity, media filter and sensors, tissue engineering and composite reinforcement, nowadays, the studies on the electrospinning process are done extensively [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. But, most of these applications need improved mechanical and thermal properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of clay-montmorillonite on thermal characteristics and morphology of electrospun PAN nanofibrous mats

Shami

Sharifi-Sanjani

2011

E-Polymers

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Polymer organic-inorganic hybrid nanofibers constitute a new class of materials in which the polymeric nanofibers are reinforced by uniformly dispersed inorganic particles having at least one dimension in nanometer-scale. In the present study, nanofibrous mats of neat and nanocomposite polyacrylonitrile (PAN) were fabricated by electrospinning process. Electrospun PAN and PAN/Na-MMT fibrous mats with the respective mean fiber diameter of about 220 and 160 nm were prepared. The influence of the clay-montmorillonite on the morphology and diameter of nanofibers was investigated by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques. The microscope techniques results suggested that the PAN/Na-MMT composite nanofibers showed the lower mean fiber diameter than the neat PAN nanofibers. Besides, the difference in nanoclay-content has a slight effect on the distribution of fibers diameter. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results suggested that the introduction of clay-nanomaterials improve the decomposition onset and residual weight percentage of mats at about 31 C and 13 %, respectively. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed that the clay-montmorillonite layers were exfoliated in the polymer matrix. The exfoliation of clay layers was further supported by transition electron microscope (TEM) observations.

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Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes for Highly Sensitive Optical Sensors

Cited by 747 publications

References 12 publications

Near-Field Electrospinning

Near-Field Electrospinning

Surface plasmon resonance-enhanced light interaction in an integrated ormocomp nanowire

The role of clay-montmorillonite on thermal characteristics and morphology of electrospun PAN nanofibrous mats

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