Electrospun Nanofibers for Dura Mater Regeneration: A Mini Review on Current Progress

Abstract

Dural defects are a common problem in neurosurgical procedures and should be repaired to avoid complications such as cerebrospinal fluid leakage, brain swelling, epilepsy, intracranial infection, and so on. Various types of dural substitutes have been prepared and used for the treatment of dural defects. In recent years, electrospun nanofibers have been applied for various biomedical applications, including dural regeneration, due to their interesting properties such as a large surface area to volume ratio, porosity, superior mechanical properties, ease of surface modification, and, most importantly, similarity with the extracellular matrix (ECM). Despite continuous efforts, the development of suitable dura mater substrates has had limited success. This review summarizes the investigation and development of electrospun nanofibers with particular emphasis on dura mater regeneration. The objective of this mini-review article is to give readers a quick overview of the recent advances in electrospinning for dura mater repair.

Porous biomaterial scaffolds for skeletal muscle tissue engineering

“…Internal porosity can be created within the electrospun fibers by using various phase separation techniques, in which solvents can be separated out to leave pores behind in the material ( Huang and Thomas, 2020 ). Although the electrospinning process is useful for creating porous scaffolds and can be used to fine-tune scaffold architecture, it remains challenging to fabricate nanofibrous scaffolds with precise dimensions and morphology ( Pant et al, 2023 ).…”

Functional electrospun nanofibers: fabrication, properties, and applications in wound-healing process

“…This creates an electric-field force that overcomes the surface tension of the solution, resulting in the atomization effect of the electrospun liquid, splitting it into tiny jets when the electric-field force is sufficiently large. 44 A polymer droplet, charged and under the influence of an electric field, accelerates toward the tip of a Taylor cone. The droplet undergoes a transition from a spherical to a conical shape at the needle tip, thereby forming the “Taylor cone”.…”

“…The morphology of nanofibers and the spinning effect are affected by many parameters, 44 including solution parameters, process parameters, and environmental parameters. The solution parameters include polymer molecular weight, solution concentration, solution viscosity, spinning solution conductivity, liquid surface tension, solvent volatility, and dielectric constant.…”

Overview of Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery Applications of Reactive Electrospinning and Crosslinking Techniques of Polymeric Nanofibers with Highlights on Their Biocompatibility Testing and Regulatory Aspects

“…During the electrospinning process, high-voltage power is applied to the liquid droplets from polymer melt/solution at the tip of the spinneret. When the electrostatic repulsion overcomes surface tension on the droplets, they will elongate into a conical shape jet known as a “Taylor cone.” Fibers with high aspect ratios and diameters that can be precisely controlled are then collected on the grounded metallic collector [ 19 ].…”