Electroretinographic study of spontaneously diabetic Torii rats

Okuno, Takashi; Oku, Hidehiro; Sugiyama, Tetsuya; Ikeda, Tsunehiko

doi:10.1007/s10633-008-9122-0

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…This is in line with results from clinical studies demonstrating that in addition to hyperglycemia, other metabolic factors and blood pressure are involved in the manifestation and progression of retinopathy in humans. 4,54,55 In this regard, SHR/N-cp together with other non-STZ-based rat models [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64] are useful tools to dissect the complexity of causative factors and disease mechanisms contributing to the varying spectrum of diabetic retinopathy. 55 Studies in these models have indeed revealed the contrasting impairment of the retina in the presence of cardiometabolic risk factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microangiopathy and visual deficits characterize the retinopathy of a spontaneously hypertensive rat model with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome

et al. 2010

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Retinopathy has been increasing in prevalence as a consequence of type 2 diabetes and a cluster of coexisting risk factors characterized as the metabolic syndrome. However, the combined effects of these conditions on the retina are poorly understood. Therefore, we focused on the spontaneously hypertensive corpulent rat (SHR/N-cp), a model with type 2 diabetes, obesity and features of the metabolic syndrome to characterize retinal changes at a structural and functional level. SHR/N-cp males at 4 and 8 months of age were used in this study. Metabolic parameters and blood pressure were measured by standard methods. Morphology was investigated by histological techniques supplemented by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase staining of whole mounts and fluorescein angiography to analyze the retinal vasculature. The in vivo function of the retina was examined by electroretinography (ERG). Obese SHR/N-cp rats were hypertensive and showed significant increases in body weight, serum levels of glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and urinary glucose excretion compared with lean controls (Po0.01 for each). Histology indicated an overall intact integrity of the retina and aspects of microangiopathy in obese SHR/N-cp rats. ERG revealed intact processing of light signals but significantly decreased amplitudes of b-waves for all (Po0.01) and of a-waves for some examined light intensities (Po0.05). Oscillatory potentials were significantly protracted (Po0.01), whereas amplitudes were not reduced. Microangiopathy and electroretinographic deficits combine to produce an early non-proliferative retinopathy phenotype in the obese SHR/N-cp rats. Thus, this model represents a valuable experimental tool to obtain further insights into the mechanisms of retinopathy in the context of obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microangiopathy and visual deficits characterize the retinopathy of a spontaneously hypertensive rat model with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome

et al. 2010

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“…At 44 weeks, electroretinogram (ERG) revealed the delay and reduction of oscillatory potentials (OPs) and a- and b-waves [31, 33], as is the case with human diabetic retinopathy.…”

Section: Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Rat: An Animal Model of Nonobese Type 2 Diabetes with Severe Diabetic Complications

Sasase

Ohta

Masuyama

et al. 2013

Journal of Diabetes Research

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The Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) rat is an inbred strain of Sprague-Dawley rat and recently is established as a nonobese model of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Male SDT rats show high plasma glucose levels (over 700 mg/dL) by 20 weeks. Male SDT rats show pancreatic islet histopathology, including hemorrhage in pancreatic islets and inflammatory cell infiltration with fibroblasts. Prior to the onset of diabetes, glucose intolerance with hypoinsulinemia is also observed. As a result of chronic severe hyperglycemia, the SDT rats develop profound complications. In eyes, retinopathy, cataract, and neovascular glaucoma are observed. Proliferative retinopathy, especially, resulting from retinal neovascular vessels is a unique characteristic of this model. In kidney, mesangial proliferation and nodular lesion are observed. Both peripheral neuropathy such as decreased nerve conduction velocity and thermal hypoalgesia and autonomic neuropathy such as diabetic diarrhea and voiding dysfunction have been reported. Osteoporosis is another complication characterized in SDT rat. Decreased bone density and low-turnover bone lesions are observed. Taking advantage of these features, SDT rat has been used for evaluating antidiabetic drugs and drugs/gene therapy for diabetic complications. In conclusion, the SDT rat is potentially a useful T2D model for studies on pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic complications in humans.

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“…Furthermore, this model also demonstrates structural abnormalities such as acellular capillaries and pericyte loss [82]. There is a significant reduction in amplitudes and prolongation in implicit times of a-wave, b-wave, and oscillatory potential with the aging and progression of diabetes in the electroretinographic analyses [83]. However, there are definite differences between retinal neovascularization in diabetic Torii rats and that in human PDR in that this model develops retinal new vessels without prominent retinal ischemia [84].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models of diabetic retinopathy: doors to investigate pathogenesis and potential therapeutics

Cho

Kim

et al. 2013

J Biomed Sci

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Effective and validated animal models are valuable to investigate the pathogenesis and potential therapeutics for human diseases. There is much concern for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in that it affects substantial number of working population all around the world, resulting in visual deterioration and social deprivation. In this review, we discuss animal models of DR based on different species of animals from zebrafish to monkeys and prerequisites for animal models. Despite criticisms on imprudent use of laboratory animals, we hope that animal models of DR will be appropriately utilized to deepen our understanding on the pathogenesis of DR and to support our struggle to find novel therapeutics against catastrophic visual loss from DR.

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Electroretinographic study of spontaneously diabetic Torii rats

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Microangiopathy and visual deficits characterize the retinopathy of a spontaneously hypertensive rat model with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome

Microangiopathy and visual deficits characterize the retinopathy of a spontaneously hypertensive rat model with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome

The Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Rat: An Animal Model of Nonobese Type 2 Diabetes with Severe Diabetic Complications

Animal models of diabetic retinopathy: doors to investigate pathogenesis and potential therapeutics

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