Electroretinographic responses to photoreceptor specific sine wave modulation

Kremers, Jan; Pangeni, Gobinda

doi:10.1364/josaa.29.00a306

Cited by 24 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…It is possible that the responses in the mouse retina are generally more sluggish or more tonic than in humans. The apparent latencies that explain response phases may also be in agreement with this notion [i.e., estimates in mice: 37-39 ms for cone-and rod-driven signals vs. 15-17 ms in humans for 12-60 Hz (Kommanapalli et al 2014;Kremers and Pangeni 2012)]. …”

Section: Comparison Of Retinal Physiology Between Transgenic and Wt Mmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Compared with mice, spectral isolation of individual photoreceptor types in the human retina has received more attention (Bessler et al 2010;Brainard et al 2000;Cao et al 2011;Challa et al 2010;Kremers et al 2000Kremers et al , 2009Kremers and Link 2008;Kremers and Scholl 2001), which has allowed more detailed investigations. Even so, few have examined rod-only contributions to the flicker ERG (Cao et al 2011;Kremers and Pangeni 2012), because its isolation from S-cones with reasonable strength is difficult [i.e., max of S-cone ϳ 435 nm vs. rod ϳ 495 nm (Kraft et al 1993;Stockman and Sharpe 2000)]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differences are evident between data from LIAIS mice (from Fig. 4D) and human photoreceptor responsivities (n ϭ 5; Kremers and Pangeni 2012). L-cone (A) and rod responsivities (B) for each species are shown as a function of temporal frequency.…”

Section: Comparison Of Retinal Physiology Between Transgenic and Wt Mmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Rod- and cone-driven responses in mice expressing human L-cone pigment

Tsai

Atorf

Neitz

et al. 2015

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Tsai TI, Atorf J, Neitz M, Neitz J, Kremers J. Rod-and cone-driven responses in mice expressing human L-cone pigment. J Neurophysiol 114: 2230 -2241, 2015. First published August 5, 2015 doi:10.1152/jn.00188.2015.-The mouse is commonly used for studying retinal processing, primarily because it is amenable to genetic manipulation. To accurately study photoreceptor driven signals in the healthy and diseased retina, it is of great importance to isolate the responses of single photoreceptor types. This is not easily achieved in mice because of the strong overlap of rod and M-cone absorption spectra (i.e., maxima at 498 and 508 nm, respectively). With a newly developed mouse model (Opn1lw LIAIS ) expressing a variant of the human L-cone pigment (561 nm) instead of the mouse M-opsin, the absorption spectra are substantially separated, allowing retinal physiology to be studied using silent substitution stimuli. Unlike conventional chromatic isolation methods, this spectral compensation approach can isolate single photoreceptor subtypes without changing the retinal adaptation. We measured flicker electroretinograms in these mutants under ketamine-xylazine sedation with double silent substitution (silent S-cone and either rod or M/L-cones) and obtained robust responses for both rods and (L-)cones. Small signals were yielded in wild-type mice, whereas heterozygotes exhibited responses that were generally intermediate to both. Fundamental response amplitudes and phase behaviors (as a function of temporal frequency) in all genotypes were largely similar. Surprisingly, isolated (L-)cone and rod response properties in the mutant strain were alike. Thus the LIAIS mouse warrants a more comprehensive in vivo assessment of photoreceptor subtype-specific physiology, because it overcomes the hindrance of overlapping spectral sensitivities present in the normal mouse. keywords electrophysiology; mouse; photoreceptors; silent substitution IN RECENT YEARS, THE MOUSE has been the mainstay model for studying the physiology of the retina and retinal diseases. In vivo studies of retinal electrophysiology can be achieved by electroretinography (ERG). This method is noninvasive and enables repeated measurements from the same animal. Recent developments in ERG recordings in humans have shown that ERGs not have only a clinical value but also may give information on information processing in major retinogeniculate pathways with relevance for basic visual neuroscience (Kremers and Link 2008;Kremers et al. 2010;Parry et al. 2012). This relevance was recently confirmed for the mouse (Allen et al. 2014). To be able to study retinal signal processing and its disease-related changes, it is of great importance to isolate the responses of single photoreceptor types and record the signals that each elicits downstream. Also, in other studies of the retinal physiology, isolation of photoreceptor responses may lead to a better understanding of the information processing in the retina and for associated visual functions (Brown et al. 2010(Brown et al. , 2...

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Section: Comparison Of Retinal Physiology Between Transgenic and Wt Mmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rod- and cone-driven responses in mice expressing human L-cone pigment

Tsai

Atorf

Neitz

et al. 2015

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…The 4-primary system can generate rod-and cone-isolating stimuli [1,3,18], but the principle is demonstrated here using luminance modulation. A 36-Hz stimulus frequency was chosen because the ERG signal at this frequency has been shown to reflect magnocellular (MC) pathway signalling [19][20][21].…”

Section: Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An ERG stimulus that is repetitive or periodic around a time-averaged light level, however, can be more informative about the (patho-) physiology of the retina instead of a singleflash ERG because continuous recording allows the estimation of the amplitude and phase of the temporal frequency response taking into account the complete recording period instead of maxima and/or minima within predefined time windows. Furthermore, continuous ERGs can be very useful to isolate the responses of a subset of photoreceptors (rods, L-cones, M-cones, S-cones or different combinations) and their postreceptoral pathways [1][2][3][4], or when the stimuli are spatially restricted or inhomogeneous, as in the pattern ERG [5] or multifocal ERG [6,7]. With such paradigms, however, the ERG responses are often small and indistinguishable from noise after a singlestimulus presentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A method for estimating intrinsic noise in electroretinographic (ERG) signals

et al. 2015

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This new technique will enable recording of intrinsic noise in ERG signals above and below perceptual visual threshold and is suitable for measurement of continuous rod and cone ERGs across a range of temporal frequencies, and post-receptoral processing in the primary retinogeniculate pathways at low stimulus contrasts. The intrinsic noise distribution may have application as a biomarker for detecting changes in disease progression or treatment efficacy.

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Measuring Retinal Function in the Mouse

Kremers

Tanimoto

2018

Methods in Molecular Biology

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Electroretinography is a crucial assay for studying the function and the functional integrity of the retina. The mouse is an important animal model for studying the retinal neurons and circuitries. In addition, it is often used as animal model for human retinal disorders. Therefore, a good understanding of the procedures in animal handling, of the methods for data analysis and of the requirements for stimulators and for the data acquisition equipment is of importance. Here, the currently most common methods and materials for in vivo electroretinography in the mouse are discussed.

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Electroretinographic responses to photoreceptor specific sine wave modulation

Cited by 24 publications

References 29 publications

Rod- and cone-driven responses in mice expressing human L-cone pigment

Rod- and cone-driven responses in mice expressing human L-cone pigment

A method for estimating intrinsic noise in electroretinographic (ERG) signals

Measuring Retinal Function in the Mouse

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