Electrophoretic variation in large mammals

Simonsen, Vibeke; Born, Erik W.; Kristensen, T.

doi:10.1111/j.1601-5223.1982.tb00716.x

Cited by 20 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…Molecular approaches can offer valuable insights into stock structure and have been used successfully in walruses (Simonsen et al 1982, Cronin et al 1994, Andersen et al 1998, Buchanan et al 1998, Andersen and Born 2000, Born et al 2001, de March et al 2002, Andersen et al 2009, Andersen et al 2014. Using microsatellite data, Andersen et al (2009, Andersen et al 2014 (HB-DS), (after Stewart 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite assessment of walrus (<i>Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus</i>) stocks in Canada

et al. 2014

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Walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) occur in Canada from James Bay to Smith Sound and from the Canada-Greenland international boundary in Davis Strait to the longitudinal center of Canada (Fig. 1). Within this range, walruses are subdivided into seven stocks based on summering areas for the purpose of making management decisions that affect walrus and walrus habitat (Stewart 2008). Stock assessments (e.g. Breiwik and York 2009, Lugten 2010) rely on identifying units that can be managed without impact on other units. In the absence of definitive information, it is more precautionary to assume greater subdivision than exists in nature rather than to assume less (Taylor 1997, Taylor andDizon 1999). However, overly conservative subdivision can lead stock managers to overestimate the risk of stock extirpation, potentially leading to negative effects on resource users. NAMMCO Scientific Publications PS-LS), North Foxe Basin (N-FB), Central Foxe Basin (C-FB), Hudson Bay Davis Strait (HB-DS) and Southern and EasternHudson Bay (SE-HB). In this study, walrus were sampled from six of the seven stocks (SE-HB samples were not available) and genotyped at 10 microsatellite loci. All stocks were genetically diverse (average heterozygosity of 0.58) with no evidence of inbreeding (average F IS of 0.03). We detected significant genetic differentiation among the stocks and a pattern of genetic spatial autocorrelation that suggests a moderate effect of geographic distance on gene flow among stocks. Bayesian clustering suggested the six recognized stocks were elements of two larger genetic clusters-a northern Arctic population (containing BB, WJS, and PS-LS stocks) and a central Arctic population (containing C-FB, N-FB, and HB-DS stocks). These populations are moderately differentiated (F ST = 0.07), but based on evidence of contemporary movement from assignment tests, are not completely isolated. There was support for maintaining the WJS stock and a combined BB+PS-LS stock, although the latter conclusion is based on a small sample size. Similarly, there was some evidence suggesting separation of the Foxe Basin stocks from the HB-DS but not the N-FB from the C-FB stock. However, given that there are morphological and chemical differences between N-FB and C-FB stocks, there is currently insufficient evidence to support a revision of the current stock designations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite assessment of walrus (<i>Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus</i>) stocks in Canada

et al. 2014

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Genetic monitors of zoo populations: Morphological and electrophoretic assays

et al. 1986

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Zoo populations can be empirically studied and monitored genetically from three distinct and informative prospectives: (1) the careful collection of breeding and pedigree history; (2) biochemical genetic surveys of gene variation from electrophoretic data; and (3) the extent of variation in morphological characters. We present here a summary of the results and conclusions of biochemical genetic surveys performed to date in mammals and indicate those biochemical genetic loci most likely to be informative in management programs. The results of a number of studies of morphological variation (estimated by coefficients of variation or fluctuating asymmetry) as related to the genetic status of biological populations are reviewed. The applications of such measurements to the characterization of the South African cheetah are reviewed briefly with attention to captive vertebrate species. Specific recommendations for the evaluation of captive populations and for the monitoring of breeding programs by using biochemical and morphological characters are proposed.

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