Electrooxidation and Low-tech Determination of Pantoprazole on a Disposable Pencil Graphite Electrode by the use of Cationic Surfactant

Abstract

The electrochemical oxidation of pantoprazole, a selective proton pump inhibitor, was studied in aqueous as well as aqueous/surfactant media at a disposable pencil graphite electrode using cyclic and adsorptive stripping voltammetric techniques. The sensitivity of the stripping voltammetric measurements was significantly improved when the cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was present in the neutral electrolyte solution. For analytical purposes, well resolved voltammetric peaks at +1.05 V (versus Ag/AgCl) were obtained in Britton-Robinson buffer at pH 7.0 containing 3 × 10-4 M CTAB using square-wave stripping mode (after 30 s accumulation at open-circuit condition). The process could be used to determine pantoprazole concentrations in the range of 2.4 × 10-8-7.1 × 10-7 M (9.2-272 μg L-1) with a detection limit of 7.0 × 10-9 M (2.7 μg L-1). The proposed method was applied to the determination of pantoprazole in pharmaceutical formulation and in the spiked human urine samples with acceptable recoveries.

Low-level Electrochemical Analysis of Ketoconazole by Sepiolite Nanoparticles Modified Sensor in Shampoo Sample

“…Among them, adsorptive stripping voltammetry-based adsorption phenomena can be preferred for the electrochemical detection of pharmaceutical and cosmetic drugs in the terms of sensitivity, trace level analysis, and simplicity. [12][13][14][15] Modification of electrode with nano-materials can be used for developing electrochemical nano-sensors. 16,17 Electrode modification can Aydar et al: Low-level Electrochemical Analysis ... catalyze the electron transfer rate between the analyte and electrode.…”

Amino‐Montmorillonite Crystalline Clay as Electrode Modifier for Electrochemical Detection of Ciprofloxacin in Presence of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide

“…Yet, the use of a properly selected surfactant, either in the bulk of the CPE or in the supporting electrolyte can create on the electrode surface an appropriate charge, thereby improving the sensitivity and selectivity of analytical procedures [33] . A surfactant molecule once absorbed on the surface of the electrode, has the effect of attracting ions of the opposite sign while repelling ions with the same sign [34] . About clay minerals, they can be chemically modified by organic molecules bearing functional groups, leading to organoclays with desired properties.…”

“…[33] A surfactant molecule once absorbed on the surface of the electrode, has the effect of attracting ions of the opposite sign while repelling ions with the same sign. [34] About clay minerals, they can be chemically modified by organic molecules bearing functional groups, leading to organoclays with desired properties.…”

Development of Green Differential Pulse Voltammetric Strategy for the Determination of Alfuzosin Hydrochloride at Pencil Graphite and Modified Carbon Paste Electrodes

“…[32][33][34] In recent years, disposable sensors composed of convenient matrices for surface renewal, such as pencil graphite electrodes (PGE), gained a large applicability to quantitative assays. [35][36][37] PGE stand as an excellent versatile tool in the electroanalysis having favorable advantages over the traditional electrodes of being simple, cheap, commercially available, easily modified, low technology, and good mechanical rigidity. Moreover, the preparation of PGE for each measurement is faster and easier than the procedures required for other conventional carbon electrodes, including tedious hand mixing and polishing, and hazardous steps.…”