With 32 FiguresExcitonic polaritons are coupled-mode excitations made up from excitons interacting with photons (for an overview of the field of polaritons in 1972 and reprints of excellent selected key papers, see [7.1]). They represent the elementary excitations propagating in insulators or semiconductors with frequencies in the vicinity of the fundamental absorption edge. Although many aspects of these excitations such as absorption [7.2-6], luminescence [7.7-11], nonlinear optics [7.12, 13], and reflectivity [7.14-16] have been studied in the past, they still appeared to many semiconductor physicists much more as speculative constructions, rather than being the true excitations of the crystal which must be used for adequate descriptions of optical experiments. The recent advent of tunable lasers stimulated a very thorough investigation of these excitations and lead to the elucidation of several key features of excitonic polaritons. In particular, resonant Brillouin scattering (RBS) [-7.17, 18] and hyper-Raman scattering [7.19] experiments allowed the measurement of the polariton dispersion curve in a large number of semiconductors and demonstrated the quasi-ubiquity of exciton polariton phenomenona in reasonably pure, direct-gap semiconductors at sufficiently low temperatures.Besides being a unique tool for the study of excitonic polaritons themselves, experiments on light scattering mediated by excitonic polaritons have a number of features which set them quite apart from other light scattering methods : the isolated, extremely sharp resonance behavior facilitates the clear-cut distinction of different polariton-crystal coupling mechanisms. The enormous cross sections render the usually stringent laser light-rejection requirements much easier to fulfill. Commercially available double or even single [7.20] grating monochromators can be used for RBS measurements, which can thus be pursued in almost any laboratory. More sophisticated multiple-pass Fabry-Perot interferometers have to be used in the case of nonresonant BS [7.21] because of its inherent low signal levels.Theoretical considerations on exciton-polariton mediated light scattering came after a very natural development of the studies of resonant light scattering. Uncorrelated electron-hole pairs were first considered by Loudon [7.22, 23-1 : he showed that the indirect mediation of phonon light scattering by electron-hole pairs in a three-step process is more efficient than the direct twostep iterated photon-phonon interaction. The influence of sample opacity was considered in a simplified way, and we shall see below that great care must actually be exercised when absorption corrections are to be made. Ganguly and