Electronic Detection of Bacteria Using Holey Reduced Graphene Oxide

Chen, Yanan; Michael, Zachary P.; Kotchey, Gregg P.; Zhao, Yong; Star, Alexander

doi:10.1021/am500364f

Cited by 53 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Antibody‐modified reduced graphene oxide FET exhibited a response of 7.3% to E. coli (10 5 CFU mL −1 ) . In another study, the antimicrobial peptides‐modified G‐FET exhibited a larger response of 20% to much higher E. coli concentration (10 7 CFU mL −1 ) . These comparisons indicate that our biosensor using aptamer and G‐FET can be used for E. coli detection with good current response.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Field‐Effect Transistors for the Sensitive and Selective Detection of Escherichia coli Using Pyrene‐Tagged DNA Aptamer

Dai

Tang

et al. 2017

Adv Healthcare Materials

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This study reports biosensing using graphene field-effect transistors with the aid of pyrene-tagged DNA aptamers, which exhibit excellent selectivity, affinity, and stability for Escherichia coli (E. coli) detection. The aptamer is employed as the sensing probe due to its advantages such as high stability and high affinity toward small molecules and even whole cells. The change of the carrier density in the probe-modified graphene due to the attachment of E. coli is discussed theoretically for the first time and also verified experimentally. The conformational change of the aptamer due to the binding of E. coli brings the negatively charged E. coli close to the graphene surface, increasing the hole carrier density efficiently in graphene and achieving electrical detection. The binding of negatively charged E. coli induces holes in graphene, which are pumped into the graphene channel from the contact electrodes. The carrier mobility, which correlates the gate voltage to the electrical signal of the APG-FETs, is analyzed and optimized here. The excellent sensing performance such as low detection limit, high sensitivity, outstanding selectivity and stability of the graphene biosensor for E. coli detection paves the way to develop graphene biosensors for bacterial detection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Field‐Effect Transistors for the Sensitive and Selective Detection of Escherichia coli Using Pyrene‐Tagged DNA Aptamer

Dai

Tang

et al. 2017

Adv Healthcare Materials

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“…The GNM FET with high on/off ratio as well as large surface‐to‐volume ratio can be used to construct highly sensitive biosensors since a small variation in the local charges will lead to a significant conductance change. Additionally, the rich edge sites around the pores facilitate the functionalization of specific receptors for the creation of highly specific biosensors that only respond to a certain targeting ligands . Also, the pores present in the GNMs can reduce the density of receptor molecules and decrease the steric hindrance when the receptor molecules were interacted with targeting ligands .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafine Graphene Nanomesh with Large On/Off Ratio for High‐Performance Flexible Biosensors

Yang

Zou

et al. 2016

Adv Funct Materials

128

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Graphene is an attractive material for flexible electronics and biosensors, yet its zero bandgap nature has limited the on/off ratio of field-effect transistors (FETs) and the sensitivity of biosensors based on graphene. Graphene nanomesh (GNM), a continuous 2D graphene nanostructure with a high density of holes punched in the basal plane, has been created to introduce lateral confinement and enable improved on/off ratio. However, the GNMs produced to date typically have a relatively large dimension (constriction neck width >5 nm) and low on/off ratio (≈100) limited by the resolution of the lithography process used. Here, the exploration of a directly grown mesoporous silica template is reported for the preparation of ultrafine GNMs with considerably narrower neck width (<3 nm) and strong quantum confinement to enable flexible FETs with greatly improved on/off ratio (up to 1000). With excellent electronic properties and high surface area for the functionalization of specific receptors, it is further shown that the GNM FETs can be readily used to construct highly sensitive biosensors for selective detection of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, which is further demonstrated for real-time detection of breast cancer cells overexpressed with receptor 2 down to single-cell level. The studies provide a simple and scalable method to GNMs with potential applications for flexible nanoelectronics and biosensors.

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“…These outstanding properties enable GSFETs to be wildly applied in constructing biosensors with excellent sensing performances. 12,21 Most of the GSFETs devices are designed for sensing DNA, 22,23 cell, 18 glucose, 24 and proteins. 25,26 However, studies of FETs for nucleotides sensing are still limited, 27 not to mention discrimination of the structurally similar nucleotides.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creation of Reduced Graphene Oxide Based Field Effect Transistors and Their Utilization in the Detection and Discrimination of Nucleoside Triphosphates

Chang

Liu

et al. 2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Two low-cost, micropatterned, solution-gated field effect transistors (modified FET and unmodified FET) based on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) were developed and used for detection and discrimination of nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs). The modified FET was realized by simple deposition of a positively charged bis-pyrenyl derivative, py-diIM-py, onto the conducting RGO strips of the unmodified FET. The electrical properties and sensing behaviors of the as-prepared devices were studied comprehensively. Electrical transfer property tests revealed that both of the two FETs exhibit V-shaped ambipolar field effect behavior from p-type region to n-type region. Sensing performance studies demonstrated that modification of the native FET with py-diIM-py improves its sensing ability to NTPs-GTP and ATP in particular. The detection limit of GTP and ATP was as low as 400 nM, which is the lowest value for graphene-based electronic sensors reported so far. Furthermore, based on the cross-reactive responses of the two devices to NTPs, NTPs can be conveniently distinguished via combining use of the two devices. The enhancement of the modifier (py-diIM-py) to the sensing performance of the FET is tentatively attributed to its possible mediation role in sticking onto RGO strips and accumulating analytes by electrostatic association with the relevant species. Because they are sensitive and fast in response, simple and low-cost in preparation, and possibly useful in sensor-array fabrication, the developed sensors show great potential in real-life application.

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Electronic Detection of Bacteria Using Holey Reduced Graphene Oxide

Cited by 53 publications

References 49 publications

Graphene Field‐Effect Transistors for the Sensitive and Selective Detection of Escherichia coli Using Pyrene‐Tagged DNA Aptamer

Graphene Field‐Effect Transistors for the Sensitive and Selective Detection of Escherichia coli Using Pyrene‐Tagged DNA Aptamer

Ultrafine Graphene Nanomesh with Large On/Off Ratio for High‐Performance Flexible Biosensors

Creation of Reduced Graphene Oxide Based Field Effect Transistors and Their Utilization in the Detection and Discrimination of Nucleoside Triphosphates

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