Electron traps in Ca2+- or Sr2+-doped BaFBr:Eu2+ x-ray storage phosphors

Schweizer, Stefan; Willems, P.H.G.M.; Leblans, Paul; Struye, L.; Spaeth, J.‐M.

doi:10.1063/1.361782

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…a high conversion efficiency of X-rays into photostimulable defects, it is desirable that the phosphors can be stimulated with low laser light intensity, particularly in the infrared spectral region. It was shown that the PSL excitation of BaFBr doped with Eu 2+ can be made sensitive to stimulation further into the infrared by additional Ca 2+ or Sr 2+ doping [54,64].…”

Section: Generation Of Electron and Hole Trap Centresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26). A more detailed investigation of the symmetry of the Ca 2+ perturbed F(Br --) centre was made with conventional ENDOR measurements [64].…”

Section: Generation Of Electron and Hole Trap Centresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upon X-irradiation of BaFBr : Eu co-doped with Ca 2+ or Sr 2+ , respectively, F A (Ca 2+ ) or F A (Sr 2+ ) centres were formed which generated the desired red-shift of the PSL excitation spectrum [54,64].…”

Section: Red-shift Of the Psl Excitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MCDA spectra of F(Br --), F(F --), and F A (Br --, Ca 2+ ) centres in (a) undoped BaFBr and (b) Ba 0.98 Ca 0.02 FBr after X-irradiation at RT, recorded for B k c at 1.5 K[64] …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Defect model of the F A (Br --, Ca 2+ ) centre in Ca 2+ doped BaFBr. One Ca 2+ replaces either the upper or the lower Ba 2+ along the c-axis[64] …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physics and Current Understanding of X-Ray Storage Phosphors

Schweizer

2001

phys. stat. sol. (a)

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BaFBr doped with Eu 2+ is the most successful X-ray storage phosphor used for digital radiography so far. The mechanisms of information storage and subsequent read-out are, however, not yet fully understood. The present understanding of the structures and reactions of the radiation-induced point defects involved in these processes are critically discussed. The shortcomings of X-ray storage phosphor screens based on BaFBr : Eu 2+ are the inferior spatial resolution compared to conventional X-ray films. Also reviewed are therefore alternative storage phosphors such as alkali halides doped with Eu 2+ , Ga + , In + , or Tl + or elpasolites doped with Ce 3+ or Eu 2+ which are also promising with high figures of merit and potentially higher spatial resolution. A completely new approach is the use of suitably doped glasses and glass ceramics. First results on fluorozirconate glass ceramics with good storage and read-out properties are reviewed.

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Section: Generation Of Electron and Hole Trap Centresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26). A more detailed investigation of the symmetry of the Ca 2+ perturbed F(Br --) centre was made with conventional ENDOR measurements [64].…”

Section: Generation Of Electron and Hole Trap Centresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Red-shift Of the Psl Excitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MCDA spectra of F(Br --), F(F --), and F A (Br --, Ca 2+ ) centres in (a) undoped BaFBr and (b) Ba 0.98 Ca 0.02 FBr after X-irradiation at RT, recorded for B k c at 1.5 K[64] …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Defect model of the F A (Br --, Ca 2+ ) centre in Ca 2+ doped BaFBr. One Ca 2+ replaces either the upper or the lower Ba 2+ along the c-axis[64] …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physics and Current Understanding of X-Ray Storage Phosphors

Schweizer

2001

phys. stat. sol. (a)

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161

108

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Luminescence characteristics and X‐ray‐induced defects in BaFBr:Eu²⁺ storage phosphor

Sangeetha

Lakshmanan

Sivakumar³

2023

Luminescence

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Three different approaches used to synthesize a sensitive BaFBr:Eu2+ X‐ray storage photostimulated luminescence (PSL) phosphor at 850°C for 1 h in a reducing atmosphere are reported. The effects of F/Br and Eu concentration on photoluminescence (PL) and PSL sensitivities synthesized by the three approaches were compared. In the first recipe, BaFBr:Eu2+ prepared using a BaF2, BaBr2 and EuF3 mixture using solid‐state diffusion (Recipe I), even in a reducing atmosphere, yielded a low PL and PSL intensity due to oxygen contamination that acted as competing hole traps. When BaFBr:Eu2+ was prepared using ammonium bromide and ammonium fluoride by two different recipes (Recipes II and III), oxygen contamination was eliminated, resulting in enhanced PSL efficiency. The proposed PSL process in BaFBr:Eu2+ was consistent with the experimental results. Increased F/Br molar ratios would incorporate fluorine ion interstitials that act as hole traps accompanied by bromine ion vacancies that act as electron traps. Although two types of F centres, F(Br−) and F(F−) are possible, F(Br−) centres formed during X‐irradiation are only vital for the PSL process. Structural, morphology, and thermoluminescence (TL) properties of the samples were also examined using XRD, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDAX), and TL studies.

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Effect of divalent co-dopants on the photostimulated luminescence efficiency of BaFBr:Eu2+

Sangeetha

Lakshmanan

2022

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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Electron traps in Ca2+- or Sr2+-doped BaFBr:Eu2+ x-ray storage phosphors

Abstract: Holetrapping sites and the mechanism of the photostimulated luminescence of the xray storage phosphor RbI:Tl+

Cited by 23 publications

References 14 publications

Physics and Current Understanding of X-Ray Storage Phosphors

Physics and Current Understanding of X-Ray Storage Phosphors

Luminescence characteristics and X‐ray‐induced defects in BaFBr:Eu²⁺ storage phosphor

Effect of divalent co-dopants on the photostimulated luminescence efficiency of BaFBr:Eu2+

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Electron traps in Ca2+- or Sr2+-doped BaFBr:Eu2+ x-ray storage phosphors

Abstract: Holetrapping sites and the mechanism of the photostimulated luminescence of the xray storage phosphor RbI:Tl+

Cited by 23 publications

References 14 publications

Physics and Current Understanding of X-Ray Storage Phosphors

Physics and Current Understanding of X-Ray Storage Phosphors

Luminescence characteristics and X‐ray‐induced defects in BaFBr:Eu2+ storage phosphor

Effect of divalent co-dopants on the photostimulated luminescence efficiency of BaFBr:Eu2+

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Luminescence characteristics and X‐ray‐induced defects in BaFBr:Eu²⁺ storage phosphor