Electron transport engineering with different types of titanium dioxide nanostructures in perovskite solar cells

Enhancing the stability and efficiency of carbon-based perovskite solar cell performance with ZrO2-decorated rGO nanosheets in a mesoporous TiO2 electron-transport layer

“…The reason behind the PL quenching in rGO/ZrO 2 is the faster-transferring path for the photogenerated carriers from the FAPbI 3 to the FTO, which decreases the recombination rates in the device. 39 To prove this conclusion, the electrical conductivity of ETLs was measured by recording their dark I-V (Fig. 4b).…”

Influence of the charge transport layers on charge extraction and interface recombination in quasi-two-dimensional perovskite solar cells

“…One of the biggest challenges facing PeSCs is improving/strengthening material performance and device stability [5,6]. The selection of the charge transport layer (CTL) is a key factor in further improving the photovoltaic performance and stability of the device [7][8][9][10]. The most common configuration of PeSCs is to sandwich an intrinsic perovskite absorbing material (i) between an n-type electron transport layer (ETL) and a p-type hole transport layer (HTL).…”

Opportunities, Challenges, and Strategies for Scalable Deposition of Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules

“…[8][9][10][11][12] The rapid progress in efficiency of PSCs has indicated that deposition techniques for the light-absorbing film, the electron transporting layers (ETLs) and hole transporting layers (HTLs), have extreme effects on related uniformity and surface quality, resulting in high efficiency and stability of the devices. [13,14] Commonly, metal oxides including titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), tin oxide (SnO 2 ), and zinc oxide (ZnO) have been used as the ETL in PSCs. Organic material including spiro-OMeTAD (2,2 0 ,7,7 0 -Tetrakis[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl) amino]-9,9 0 -spirobifluorene), PTAA (poly-[bi(4-phenyl)] (2,4,3trimethylphenyla-mine)), and polymer PEDOT:PSS (poly (3,4ethylenedioxythio-phene): polystyrene sulfonate) and inorganic materials such as copper iodide (CuI), nickel oxide (NiO), copper(I) thiocyanate (CuSCN), copper indium gallium (di)selenide (CIGS), and copper oxide (CuO) have been employed as an HTL.…”