Electron Probe Microanalysis of Silicon and the Role of the Macrophage in Proximal (Capsule) and Distant Sites in Augmentation Mammaplasty Patients

Greene, William B.; Raso, Dominic S.; Walsh, Lyle G.; Harley, Russell A.; Silver, Richard M.

doi:10.1097/00006534-199503000-00012

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Integrated intensities of the X-rays can be utilized to calculate elemental concentration in specimen areas as small as a few micrometers [122]. Appropriately, SEM has been utilized in quantitative measurement of silicon in tissues surrounding implant locations [129][130][131][132][133][134]. However, although the detection of silicon is valid, there is uncertainty as to whether it originated from the implants.…”

Section: X-ray Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Primer on the Analytical Aspects of Silicones at Trace Levels-Challenges and Artifacts – A Review

2006

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Silicones (polydimethylsiloxanes) find use in a wide variety of industrial and consumer product applications because of their outstanding properties. Potential human exposure to silicones occurs in the work place during manufacturing and product formulation, as well as through the normal use of consumer products containing them.The entry of silicones into various environmental compartments raised health and safety concerns from potential exposure and mandated numerous environmental and toxicological studies. Such studies require qualitative and quantitative determination of silicone species at trace levels. However, the ubiquitous presence of silicones coupled with their unique chemistry renders their analysis at trace levels challenging.This paper provides a consolidated account of various aspects of silicones that must be borne in mind to obtain reliable data. The following topics are discussed: differences in the chemistry of silicones vs carbon; precautions in sample handling to avoid losses and inadvertent chemical transformation; potential sources for artifacts and interferences that could lead to systematic errors and data misinterpretation; sources for background and the need for matrix matched blank experiments; distinguishing silicones from silicates to avoid overestimation; potential for incorrect structural assignments; preventing inadvertent contamination; and questionable claims on the presence of silicones in biological matrices including that of silicone implants.

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Section: X-ray Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Primer on the Analytical Aspects of Silicones at Trace Levels-Challenges and Artifacts – A Review

2006

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“…24 In addition, silicone may be observed both intracellularly and extracellularly, unlike the crystals in the present case, which were distinctively extracellular. 14 This is the second FNA report of a galactocele and the first to describe the crystallizing variant. In a pregnant and/or lactating female, a mass associated with a milky, viscous aspirate makes it of paramount importance to consider a crystallizing galactocele.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Calibration of standards and deconvolution of the overlapping calcium and potassium peaks were performed as previously described. 14,35,36 After completion of x-ray diffraction and EPMA, the grids were stained with uranyl acetate-lead citrate for further examination with TEM. Additional thin sections were cut, postfixed with osmic acid and stained with uranyl acetate-lead citrate.…”

Section: Raso Greene and Silvermanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallizing Galactocele

Raso

Greene²,

Silverman³

1997

Acta Cytologica

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“…Blood analyses showed the following parameters to be outside their reference ranges for our centre (shown in parentheses): haemoglobin 10.9 (12)(13)(14)(15)(16) PaO2 was 72 mmHg. FVC was 100% and FEV1 95%, FEV1/FVC was 78%, and diffusion capacity (TL CO ) was 65%.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 88%