2006
DOI: 10.1007/s11201-006-9005-8
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A Primer on the Analytical Aspects of Silicones at Trace Levels-Challenges and Artifacts – A Review

Abstract: Silicones (polydimethylsiloxanes) find use in a wide variety of industrial and consumer product applications because of their outstanding properties. Potential human exposure to silicones occurs in the work place during manufacturing and product formulation, as well as through the normal use of consumer products containing them.The entry of silicones into various environmental compartments raised health and safety concerns from potential exposure and mandated numerous environmental and toxicological studies. S… Show more

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Cited by 104 publications
(80 citation statements)
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References 146 publications
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“…Similar seasonal trends can be expected for the other cVMS congeners, with more pronounced seasonality for the congeners with the highest rate constants for reaction with atmospheric hydroxyl radicals. 9,12 Due to a large potential for contamination during trace analysis of cVMS [13][14] as well as their high volatility, analysis of environmental trace levels of cVMS in air is challenging and measurements from remote locations are scarce. A new solid phase extraction active air sampling method (SPE-AAS) for D5 uses ENV+ resin (hydroxylated polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymer) as the sorbent.…”
Section: -3mentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Similar seasonal trends can be expected for the other cVMS congeners, with more pronounced seasonality for the congeners with the highest rate constants for reaction with atmospheric hydroxyl radicals. 9,12 Due to a large potential for contamination during trace analysis of cVMS [13][14] as well as their high volatility, analysis of environmental trace levels of cVMS in air is challenging and measurements from remote locations are scarce. A new solid phase extraction active air sampling method (SPE-AAS) for D5 uses ENV+ resin (hydroxylated polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymer) as the sorbent.…”
Section: -3mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…During transport the samples were outside the freezer for up to 24 hours, but they were always kept cold with refrigerating elements in an insulated box. Prior to extraction the cartridges were spiked directly on the frit with 20 µL of the internal standard containing approximately 900 pg/µL each of 13 C-labeled D4, D5, and D6 in n-hexane. The samples were eluted with 3 mL n-hexane directly into a vial for gas chromatography (GC).…”
Section: Sample Storage and Extractionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…36 Otra de las fuentes de contaminación de fondo en el análisis de VMS lo constituye la fase estacionaria de las columnas cromatográ-ficas, normalmente de polidimetilsiloxano, ya que pueden aportar D3 y D4 a los blancos instrumentales como consecuencia de su degradación térmica y/o oxidativa. 30 Ahora bien, es importante señalar que la contaminación de fondo de VMS producida por el sangrado de las columnas es significativamente menor que el aporte de los septum de silicona. 31 No obstante, con el propósito de disminuir al máximo esta contaminación, se utilizan normalmente columnas con fases estacionarias de bajo sangrado (por ejemplo: VF-5 MS, DB-XLB, DB-1 MS y DB-5 MS) ya que producen un aporte de VMS muy reducido.…”
Section: Contaminación De Fondounclassified
“…Entre los focos de emisión responsables de la presencia de los VMS en el aire de los laboratorios se puede mencionar el equipamiento de laboratorio, las juntas de goma de silicona, el aceite de las bombas de vacío, así como las emisiones producidas por el personal técnico de laboratorio que realiza el análisis, debido al uso generalizado de productos de higiene personal. 30 Para evitar la contaminación producida por la presencia de VMS en el aire de laboratorio se han sugerido diferentes estrategias. Una de ellas consiste en realizar el pre-tratamiento y extracción de las muestras, así como la preparación de los patrones de calibración, en el sitio de muestreo, de modo que se evita el contacto de muestras y patrones con el aire del laboratorio.…”
Section: Contaminación De Fondounclassified
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