Electron microscopy of the paracervical (Frankenh�user) ganglion of the adult rat

Kanerva, Lasse; Teräväinen, H.

doi:10.1007/bf00306933

Cited by 66 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…As reported by Kanerva and Teravainen (1972), the present study revealed the ovoid-shaped granules only in the SG type cells. Furthermore, the ovoid-shaped granules show a similar electron density to the small granules.…”

Section: Major Pelvic Ganglionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Such granules have already been described by many authors in the adrenal medulla of the rat (Coupland 1965), hypogastric ganglion of the guinea pig (Watanabe 1971), paracervical ganglion of the rat (Kanerva and Teravainen 1972), superior cervical ganglion and celiac-mesenteric ganglion of the rat , and major pelvic ganglion of the aged rat (Partanen et al 1980). Watanabe (1971) and Lu et al (1976) described a type of cell which contained almost exclusively the ovoid-shaped granules.…”

Section: Major Pelvic Ganglionmentioning

confidence: 62%

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Ultrastructural study on the granule-containing cells in the rat autonomic ganglia.

Abe

1983

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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In the rat superior cervical ganglion, small granules, 100-150 nm in diameter, and large granules, 80-280 nm in diameter, were seen in the granule-containing (GC) cells. Most GC cells contained almost exclusively the small granules (SG type cell), while a few cells almost exclusively the large granules (LG type cell). The GC cells formed both efferent and cholinergic afferent synapses.The efferent synapses were about four times as many as the afferent ones. In the major pelvic ganglion of rats, SG type and LG type cells were present in comparable numbers.Cells with both types of granules were also noticed. Ovoid-shaped granules, 60 X 140 nm with a core of moderate electron density, were observed in some SG type cells. Both afferent and efferent synapses were noted on GC cells in this ganglion.The latter were more numerous than the former. SG type cells formed more synapses than LG type cells. Based on these observations, the physiological significance of GC cells was discussed. ----SIF cell; innervation; monoamine granule; rat superior cervical ganglion; rat major pelvic ganglionSince the discovery of granule-containing (GC) cells (small intensely fluorescent cells, SIF cells) in the autonomic ganglia (Eranko and Harkonen 1963;Hamberger et al. 1963), a number of studies have been performed to clarify the morphology and functional significance of these cells. Grillo (1966) and Siegrist et al. (1966) noted afferent, or incoming, synapses on GC cells in the superior cervical ganglion. Williams (1967) observed efferent, or outgoing, synapses on the GC cells and suggested these cells to function as interneurons. Heym and Williams (1979) insisted that the GC cells release monoamines into blood vessels in the shrew (Tupaia glis) superior cervical ganglion. On the contrary, Eranko and Eranko (1971) and Lever et al. (1976) proposed that the GC cells have a chemoreceptor function like chief cells of the carotid body. Siegrist et al. (1966Siegrist et al. ( , 1968 classified the GC cells in the superior cervical ganglion of the rat into two types based on the morphology of the granules. Watanabe (1971) revealed four types of GC cells in the guinea pig hypogastric ganglion. Lu et al. (1976) observed three types of GC cells in the rat superior cervical ganglion and celiac-mesenteric ganglion.

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Section: Major Pelvic Ganglionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Major Pelvic Ganglionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Ultrastructural study on the granule-containing cells in the rat autonomic ganglia.

Abe

1983

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…Cholinergic parasympathetic and noradrenergic sympathetic principal neurons were identified in the PG. The noradrenergic neurons were characterized as special "short" noradrenergic neurons, distinct and different from ordinary "long" noradrenergics (Kanerva, 1971(Kanerva, , 1972aKanerva et al, 1972a;Kanerva and Teravainen, 1972; also see Owman et al, 1983). Autonomic ganglia in general also contain variable numbers of catecholamine-containing, chromaffinlike, small, intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells (Norberg et al, 1966;Williams, 1967;Williams et al, 1976;Heyrn and Williams, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Some attention has been devoted to the development, ultrastructure, and cholinergicladrenergic histochemistry of the female rat PG (Makela and Granroos, 1959;Kanerva, l971,1972a,b;Kanerva et al, 1972a;Kanerva and Teravainen, 1972). Cholinergic parasympathetic and noradrenergic sympathetic principal neurons were identified in the PG.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paracervical ganglia of the female rat: Histochemistry and immunohistochemistry of neurons, SIF cells, and nerve terminals

1987

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The paracervical ganglia of the female rat were studied to elucidate the variety of neural elements in the ganglia. Light and electron microscopy, histochemistry, and immunohistochemistry were employed to reveal subtypes of neurons; small, intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells; and nerve terminals and to examine the relationships between these elements. On the basis of their histochemical markers, four subtypes of principal neurons were identified: acetylcholinesterase (ACHE)-positive, noradrenergic, neuropeptide tyrosine-immunoreactive (NPY-I), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive (VIP-I). The NPY-I neurons appeared to be the most numerous and the noradrenergic the least common type of neuron. Four subtypes of chemically coded SIF cells were revealed: catecholamine-containing, NPY-I, and those immunoreactive for calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP-I) and cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8-I). The SIF cells were present as single cells among and adjacent to principal neurons and as large clusters near the edges of the ganglia or in nearby nerve trunks. Synaptic contacts on SIF cells, or between SIF-cell processes and neurons, were not observed. Seven subtypes of nerve terminals were stained: ACHE-positive, CGRP-I, CCK-8-I, VIP-I, substance P-I, enkephalin-I, and atrial natriuretic factor-I. Nerve terminals enwrapped the neurons as perineuronal plexuses in synaptic-like relationships. These results demonstrate that the paracervical ganglia of the female rat are a complex system of neural elements. For example, several classes of chemically coded neurons, SIF cells, and terminals exist in the ganglia. Each of these components contains a number of substances, some of which are putative neurotransmitters, which could influence activity in the ganglia or in the effector organs innervated by the ganglia.

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“…They may be interneurons, similarly to SIF cells in rat ganglia (Kanerva and Teravainen, 1972;Baker et al, 1977). Gal inhibits noradrenaline release by hypopolarization of the neuronal cell membrane (Reimann and Schneider, 1993;Sevcik et al, 1993), which can be used to moderate the functions of adrenergic neurons in pig PCG.…”

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confidence: 99%

Neurochemical characteristics of paracervical ganglion in the pig

Podlasz¹,

Wąsowicz²

2008

Vet. Med.

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ABSTRACT:A study on the presence of the selected biologically active substances in nerve structures of the paracervical ganglion in the pig was performed with the use of immunofluorescence and RT-PCR. Immunohistochemical methods revealed that 23% of paracervical ganglion (PCG) neurons contain both tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH) and that the remaining 77% contain choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT). 73% of TH/DβH neurons contained neuropeptide Y (NPY) and 8% contained somatostatin (Som). All ChAT/VAChT positive neurons contained vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), 87% of them contained Som, 76% contained NPY and 32% contained neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Galanin (Gal) was found only in small cells, which were thought to be SIF cells. No pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP)-or substance P (SP)-positive neurons were found in PCG. Some areas of PCG contained dense plexuses of ChAT-and VAChT-positive nerve fibres. In the ganglion small number of TH-, nNOS-, NPY-, VIP-, Gal-, PACAP-, Som-and SP-positive nerve fibres was also visible. RT-PCR detected the presence of mRNA for TH, ChAT, nNOS, NPY, VIP, Gal and Som, which were visualised as clearly discernible bands on a gel. In cases of PACAP and SP only weak bands were observed. Keywords: pig; paracervical ganglion; immunohistochemistry; RT-PCRThe paracervical ganglion (PCG) is a unique structure of the autonomic nervous system. It contains components of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways. Postganglionic nerve fibres originating from PCG are responsible for the innervation of the lower urinary and digestive tract as well as reproductive organs.Previous studies (Mitchell, 1993;Keast et al., 1995) demonstrated the presence of two main types of neuronal somata in PCG: cholinergic [containing, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT)] and adrenergic [containing noradrenaline (NA), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine B-hydroxylase (DβH)], so-called "short" adrenergic neurons. Those two populations also contain other substances acting as neurotransmitters, neurotransmitter synthesizing enzyme, neuro-modulators or trophic factors: neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS; Majewski et al

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Electron microscopy of the paracervical (Frankenh�user) ganglion of the adult rat

Cited by 66 publications

References 37 publications

Ultrastructural study on the granule-containing cells in the rat autonomic ganglia.

Ultrastructural study on the granule-containing cells in the rat autonomic ganglia.

Paracervical ganglia of the female rat: Histochemistry and immunohistochemistry of neurons, SIF cells, and nerve terminals

Neurochemical characteristics of paracervical ganglion in the pig

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