Ultrastructural study on the granule-containing cells in the rat autonomic ganglia.

Abe, Hiroshi

doi:10.1620/tjem.139.399

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The latter vesicles were rare, representing only 2% of the total vesicle population within one cell (the number of such vesicles per square micrometer of cytoplasm was 0.10_+ 0.01 versus 5.3 _+ 0.5 for the small sized vesicles). Cells containing only the large type vesicles as described in the sympathetic superior cervical ganglion [5,6,7] were not observed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Ultrastructural detection of granulated cells in the autonomic ganglia of the rat pancreas

et al. 1985

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Summary. Electron microscopic examination of the intrinsic autonomic ganglia of the rat pancreas revealed the presence of small cells, when compared to the principal ganglionic neurons, within a particular type of ganglia. The small cells were often located in clusters around fenestrated capillaries, but their most striking characteristic was the presence of catecholamine-like granules distributed throughout the cytoplasm. The possible implication of this new source of catecholamines, acting either as interneurons or as neuroendocrine cells, is discussed in the light of a local regulatory mechanism for islet secretion.Key words: Autonomic nervous system, intrinsic ganglia, small granulated cells, catecholamines, islets of Langerhans, electron microscopy.Certain of the physiologic responses of the endocrine pancreas are mediated by sympathetic discharge via direct stimulation from the central nervous system [1,2]. However, we have recently observed that the glucagon response to glucopenia in the isolated perfused rat pancreas can be largely blocked by phentolamine [3]. Although we concluded that this alpha-adrenergically mediated response to glucopenia must reflect norepinephfine release from severed perinsular sympathetic nerve endings independent of the central nervous system, and since there is no other known source of catecholamines in the pancreas, we undertook a search for an alternative source of catecholamines. In this report we present ultrastructural evidence for a second source of catecholamines based on the demonstration of small cells containing catecholamine-like granules within the intrinsic autonomic ganglia of the rat pancreas. Materials and methodsThree normal albino rats (SiVZ strain, body weight 110 160 g) were used in this study. Under ether anaesthesia the animals were perfused through the left ventricle with 1% glutaraldehyde and 1% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 tool/1 phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) after rinsing of the circulation with 0.9% NaC1 solution. After fixation, small samples of both ventral and dorsal parts of the pancreas were dissected out, postfixed in 2% buffered OsO4, dehydrated and embedded in Epon. Pancreatic ganglia were identified on 1 ~tm thick toluidine blue stained sections. After staining with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, ultrathin sections were viewed in a Philips EM 301 electron microscope. For the quantitative analysis, the volume density of the different components of 8 ganglia (principal neurons, small granulated cells, satellite cells and blood capillaries) was determined on semithin sections using the point-counting method [4]. Data for each component were expressed as % of the total volume density occupied by the 8 ganglia. In the small granulated cells, the size (nm) and density (number/p~m 2) of the vesicles was quantified on electron micrographs at 55 000 magnification, calibrated with a Fullham reference grid, 2160lines/ram (Schenectady, NY, USA). ResultsIn both duodenal and splenic parts of the pancreas (Fig. 1), two types of autonomic ganglia were observed. On...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Ultrastructural detection of granulated cells in the autonomic ganglia of the rat pancreas

et al. 1985

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“…It is interesting to note that a minority of SGC cells in the superior cervical ganglion display large granular vesicles typical of glucorticoid-induced SIF cells (Abe, 1983;Lu et al, 1976;Siegrist et al, 1968). If this cell type requires the presence of glucocorticoids to develop, then it remains to be determined how it would develop in the superior cervical ganglion, which is not in a corticoid-rich environment as is the adrenal medulla.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucocorticoid‐induced pnmt‐immunoreactive sympathetic cells in the superior cervical ganglion of the rat

Päivärinta¹,

Pickel²,

Eränkö³

et al. 1989

J. Elec. Microsc. Tech.

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Light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical techniques were used to study the effect of glucocorticoids on the development of phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT)-immunoreactive cells in the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) of early postnatal rats. Rats were injected daily with hydrocortisone acetate on postnatal days 2-6. The first PNMT-immunoreactive cells were detected 6 hours after the first glucocorticoid injection and their number increased after subsequent injections. No PNMT-immunoreactive cells were detected in uninjected controls. PNMT-immunoreactive fibres were seen in the ganglion 6 hours after the first glucocorticoid injection. The PNMT-immunoreactive cells consistently showed processes 2 days after beginning the glucocorticoid treatment, and long processes and fibre networks were seen in ganglia of 7-day-old rats. However, no PNMT-immunoreactive fibres were seen in the iris, which is innervated by the SCG. Ultrastructurally, most of the PNMT-immunoreactive cells had the look of small granule-containing (SGC) cells, including heterochromatin clumps along the nuclear envelope and in the center of the nucleoplasm as well as dense core vesicles. SGC cells, nonimmunoreactive to PNMT antiserum, also were seen. However, some PNMT-immunoreactive cells showed ultrastructural characteristics of nerve cells. In contrast to the SGC cells, these cells were characterized by a voluminous cytoplasm, dispersed nuclear heterochromatin, and a lack of granular vesicles. These results demonstrate that glucocorticoids induce PNMT immunoreactivity both in SGC cells and also in cells with characteristics of principal neurons.

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Fine structure of the small, granule-containing cells in the superior cervical ganglia of hydrocortisone-treated early postnatal and adult rats

Päivärinta

1984

Cell Tissue Res.

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Hydrocortisone injections into rats on postnatal days 3-9 caused an increase in the number of small granule-containing cells in the superior cervical ganglia. These cells, corresponding to the small, intensely fluorescent cells, showed an extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum, a large Golgi apparatus and a very large number of granular vesicles. In addition to the granular vesicles, 70-160 nm in diameter, in which the dense core filled most of the vesicle, most cells of the hydrocortisone-injected rats contained also larger granular vesicles, up to 350 nm in diameter, in which the dense core was eccentrically located. A minority of the cells contained only granular vesicles 70-100 nm in diameter, which was the only type seen in the saline-treated control rats. Thirty days after discontinuation of the hydrocortisone treatment, most of the cells with large granular vesicles had disappeared, and only two profiles of such cells were seen on day 40. The other small cells contained only granular vesicles 70-160 nm in diameter, and these cells could not be distinguished from the small granule-containing cells of 40-day-old control rats treated early postnatally with saline. Hydrocortisone treatment, first on days 3-9 and subsequently on days 40-46, caused reappearance of the small granule-containing cells with large granular vesicles up to 350 nm in diameter, the dense core of which was eccentrically located. Hydrocortisone treatment on days 40-46 only was not followed by appearance of such cells in rats treated with saline on days 3-9.

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Ultrastructural study on the granule-containing cells in the rat autonomic ganglia.

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Ultrastructural detection of granulated cells in the autonomic ganglia of the rat pancreas

Ultrastructural detection of granulated cells in the autonomic ganglia of the rat pancreas

Glucocorticoid‐induced pnmt‐immunoreactive sympathetic cells in the superior cervical ganglion of the rat

Fine structure of the small, granule-containing cells in the superior cervical ganglia of hydrocortisone-treated early postnatal and adult rats

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