Electron Microscopy

Kogure, Toshihiro

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-098259-5.00011-1

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…With the development of the CFEGs, an ultrahigh vacuum (10 −8 –10 –9 Pa) system is required for cryo-EM ( El-Gomati et al, 2021 ). The ultrahigh vacuum system removes vaporized water from the vitrified sample and contaminants near the tip and prevents interference from the electron beam and induces electron diffraction by the contaminants and water molecules ( Kogure, 2013 ; Cheng, 2015 ).…”

Section: Technical Advancements In Cryo-em For High-resolution Struct...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryo-electron microscopy-based drug design

Cebi,

Lee,

Subramani

et al. 2024

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Structure-based drug design (SBDD) has gained popularity owing to its ability to develop more potent drugs compared to conventional drug-discovery methods. The success of SBDD relies heavily on obtaining the three-dimensional structures of drug targets. X-ray crystallography is the primary method used for solving structures and aiding the SBDD workflow; however, it is not suitable for all targets. With the resolution revolution, enabling routine high-resolution reconstruction of structures, cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has emerged as a promising alternative and has attracted increasing attention in SBDD. Cryo-EM offers various advantages over X-ray crystallography and can potentially replace X-ray crystallography in SBDD. To fully utilize cryo-EM in drug discovery, understanding the strengths and weaknesses of this technique and noting the key advancements in the field are crucial. This review provides an overview of the general workflow of cryo-EM in SBDD and highlights technical innovations that enable its application in drug design. Furthermore, the most recent achievements in the cryo-EM methodology for drug discovery are discussed, demonstrating the potential of this technique for advancing drug development. By understanding the capabilities and advancements of cryo-EM, researchers can leverage the benefits of designing more effective drugs. This review concludes with a discussion of the future perspectives of cryo-EM-based SBDD, emphasizing the role of this technique in driving innovations in drug discovery and development. The integration of cryo-EM into the drug design process holds great promise for accelerating the discovery of new and improved therapeutic agents to combat various diseases.

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Section: Technical Advancements In Cryo-em For High-resolution Struct...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryo-electron microscopy-based drug design

Cebi,

Lee,

Subramani

et al. 2024

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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“…The first component of a SEM is the electron gun [50]. Conventional electron guns use thermal energy to emit electrons from a cathode.…”

Section: Basic Sem Physicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanning electron microscopy—a powerful imaging technique for the clinician

Bazin¹,

Bouderlique²,

Daudon³

et al. 2022

Comptes Rendus. Chimie

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Since its first use several decades ago, scanning electron microscopy has been used in numerous investigations dedicated to biological systems. This contribution focuses on observations on pathological calcifications in order to review several major applications of primary importance to the clinician. Among these, we highlight such observations as medical diagnostic tools in pathologies arising from primary hyperoxaluria and urinary infections.

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“…This value is a little smaller than the basal spacing derived from the XRD result. This is because the high voltage of TEM test (200 kV) would destroy the interlayer surfactants and/or dehydration of the interlayer space (Kogure, 2013). Hence, the basal spacing calculated from the TEM depended on the voltage, test time, thermal stability of organic compounds and the thickness of samples.…”

Section: Sem and Temmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the rheological properties and thermal stability of oil-based drilling fluids by synergetic use of organo-montmorillonite and organo-sepiolite

Zhuang

Zhang

Peng

et al. 2018

Applied Clay Science

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This work focused on improving the rheological properties and thermal stability of oil-based drilling fluids by using the mixture of organo-montmorillonite (OMt) and organo-sepiolite (OSep) as the rheological additive. OMt and OSep were prepared in water. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope were applied to characterize the structure of organoclays (OC). The OC/oil gels were characterized using an appropriate XRD method. Dynamic rheological test was used to appraise the rheological behavior, viscosity, gel strength and thixotropy of OC/oil fluids aged at different temperatures. OMt firstly swelled in oil at low temperature, and then exfoliated above 150°C. OSep maintained its crystal structure all the time. The mixing of these two OC did not obviously influence their structures. However, the gel formation ability was promoted, resulting in improvement of rheological properties and thermal stability of oil-based drilling fluids. The nanolayers of OMt and nanofibers of OSep interweaved with each other, reinforcing the network structure and protected them form collapse at high temperatures. The mixture of OMt and OSep with mass proportion of 50% for each displayed the optimal rheological properties and thermal ability.

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Electron Microscopy

Cited by 9 publications

References 33 publications

Cryo-electron microscopy-based drug design

Cryo-electron microscopy-based drug design

Scanning electron microscopy—a powerful imaging technique for the clinician

Enhancing the rheological properties and thermal stability of oil-based drilling fluids by synergetic use of organo-montmorillonite and organo-sepiolite

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