Electron beam surface treatment of tool steels

Ormanova, Maria; Petrov, P.; Kovacheva, Daniela

doi:10.1016/j.vacuum.2016.10.022

Cited by 43 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For that reason, the numerical approaches are more appropriate and widely used for evaluating the thermal field and modeling the thermal processes. The heat transfer equation for the case of treatment by high energy fluxes (i.e., electron and laser beams) can be described for homogeneous and isotropic material whose thermophysical properties are temperature-independent from the following field equation of heat conduction [19][20][21][22]:…”

Section: Heat Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors of the discussed studies [34,65] claimed that the reasons of these improvements of the functional properties are the refined microstructure consisting of α-solid solution (nitrous martensite) and γ-solid solution (nitrous austenite) and dispersed fine nitride precipitates. Ormanova et al [22] have presented a combined method for surface modification of tool steels, consisting of electron beam hardening followed by plasma nitriding and subsequent electron beam hardening, and the results demonstrate a hardness of 760 HV after the electron beam treatment and plasma hardening. The application of additional electron beam treatment process tends to a slight decrease in the hardness due to structural transformation and reduction of the amount of N atoms.…”

Section: Hardeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface Manufacturing of Materials by High Energy Fluxes

Valkov¹,

Ormanova²,

Petrov³

2018

Advanced Surface Engineering Research

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This chapter aims to summarize the topics related to the application of a surface treatment by high energy fluxes (i.e., electron and laser beams) for developing of new multifunctional materials, as well as to modify their surface properties. These technologies have a large number of applications in the field of automotive and aircraft industries for manufacturing of railways, space crafts, different tools, and components. Based on the performed literature review, some examples of the use of laser and electron beams for surface manufacturing (i.e., surface alloying, cladding, and hardening) are presented. The present overview describes the relationship between electron beam and laser beam technologies, microstructure, and the obtained functional properties of the materials. The benefits of the considered techniques are extensively discussed.

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Section: Heat Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hardeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Manufacturing of Materials by High Energy Fluxes

Valkov¹,

Ormanova²,

Petrov³

2018

Advanced Surface Engineering Research

Self Cite

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“…This contributed the development of materials processing methods based on the use of concentrated energy flows (plasma flows, powerful ion and electron beams, laser beams, etc.) along with the widespread use of traditional methods of chemical-thermal treatment [5][6][7][8]. Currently, the most promising of them is the electron beam processing method [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Electronic Radiation on the Morphology of the Fine Structure of the Surface Layer of R6M5 Steel

et al. 2021

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In recent decades, great efforts have been made to significantly improve the performance characteristics of high-speed steel using various surface hardening techniques. Electron beam modification is engaging because it has an exceptionally high thermal efficiency and can significantly improve steels’ physical and mechanical properties. This work is devoted to researching the fine structure and changing the structural phase state of the surface layer of R6M5 high-speed steel after exposure to an electron beam. Electron beam treatment of steel R6M5 was carried out on a vacuum installation. The structure and phase composition of P6M5 steel samples were studied by transmission electron microscopy. Determined that after electron irradiation, the steel structure as in the initial state consists of martensite, carbides and residual austenite. After electron irradiation, an increase in the volume fraction of lamellar martensite is observed: the fraction of lamellar martensite in the initial state is 80%, and after irradiation, it is ~90% of the total fraction of α′-martensite. The action of the electron beam led to an increase in internal stresses in α′-martensite. Revealed, the value of the scalar dislocation density in R6M5 steel after exposure to an electron beam is higher than in the initial state. A cardinal difference in the state of the material after exposure to an electron beam is the presence of bending extinction contours in all M6C carbide particles.

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“…Thus, local spalling and excessive wear on the bearing surface will damage the integrity of the structure. If no effective measures are taken, the expected service life will be significantly shortened with the accumulation of friction effect, even resulting in the failure of the whole machine and even industrial accidents [1][2][3][4]. Up to now, there have been few reports on surface treatment of high-strength structural steel parts with improved surface performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Microstructure at the Surface of 40CrNiMo7 Steel Treated by High-Current Pulsed Electron Beam

Qiu

Zhai

et al. 2020

Coatings

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High current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) has recently been developed as an effective technique of material surface modification. In this research, a self-developed HCPEB equipment (HOPE-I) was adopted to perform surface modification on quenched and tempered 40CrNiMo7 steel. A composite nanometer structure was formed on the modified surface layer, and the martensite transformation and the dissolution and fracture of cementite can be observed. After initial irradiation, the high cooling rate caused the formation of nanocrystalline on the surface. With continuous irradiation treatments, the cooling rate gradually reduced, while the carbon kept dissolving and ended with surface composition homogenization. Both competitive factors result in the evolution rule of nanometer dimensions of surface structure. After HCPEB treatment, the average size of austenite phase on the modified surface decreased from micron-sized to nanoscale. The corrosion rate decreased from 0.12 mm/a to 0.02 mm/a, showing remarkable improvement of corrosion resistance. The main factors of the improvements of corrosion resistance property are the flat, dense structured and preferred crystal orientation on the modification layer of the treated material surface.

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Electron beam surface treatment of tool steels

Cited by 43 publications

References 13 publications

Surface Manufacturing of Materials by High Energy Fluxes

Surface Manufacturing of Materials by High Energy Fluxes

Impact of Electronic Radiation on the Morphology of the Fine Structure of the Surface Layer of R6M5 Steel

Evolution of Microstructure at the Surface of 40CrNiMo7 Steel Treated by High-Current Pulsed Electron Beam

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