Electron Beam Melting and Recycling of Hafnium

Vutova, Katia; Vassileva, Vania; Mladenov, G.; Koleva, Elena; Prakash, Tirthalli; Munirathnam, N. R.

doi:10.1002/9781118062173.ch92

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The non-stationary model, discretized by a modified Pismen-Rekford scheme [6,8], and the corresponding computer program gives opportunity for simulation of the EBMR process and gaining information about the dynamics of the input and output steams, temperature fields in vertical and horizontal cross-sections of the ingot, the dynamics of the geometry of the liquid pool, etc. The knowledge of the geometry of the crystallization front (liquid/solid boundary) is important for studying and optimizing the quality of the obtained pure metal after EBMR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [4][5][6][7] developed stationary and non-stationary heat transfer models are presented and implemented. The non-stationary model, discretized by a modified Pismen-Rekford scheme [6,8], and the corresponding computer program gives opportunity for simulation of the EBMR process and gaining information about the dynamics of the input and output steams, temperature fields in vertical and horizontal cross-sections of the ingot, the dynamics of the geometry of the liquid pool, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An optimization problem for EBMR of metals 2.1. Derivation Recall the non-stationary heat model [6] for EBMR of metals and alloys, the equations describing the heat processes in the cylindrical metal ingot are as follows:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This allows to make a study of the influence of the regime parameters and the limiting factors. The most important information that is needed is about the temperature field in the metal ingot during EBMR which can't be precisely evaluated experimentally.In [4][5][6][7] developed stationary and non-stationary heat transfer models are presented and implemented. The non-stationary model, discretized by a modified Pismen-Rekford scheme [6,8], and the corresponding computer program gives opportunity for simulation of the EBMR process and gaining information about the dynamics of the input and output steams,…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization method for electron beam melting and refining of metals

Donchev

Vutova

2014

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. Pure metals and special alloys obtained by electron beam melting and refining (EBMR) in vacuum, using electron beams as a heating source, have a lot of applications in nuclear and airspace industries, electronics, medicine, etc. An analytical optimization problem for the EBMR process based on mathematical heat model is proposed. The used criterion is integral functional minimization of a partial derivative of the temperature in the metal sample. The investigated technological parameters are the electron beam power, beam radius, the metal casting velocity, etc. The optimization problem is discretized using a non-stationary heat model and corresponding adapted Pismen-Rekford numerical scheme, developed by us and multidimensional trapezional rule. Thus a discrete optimization problem is built where the criterion is a function of technological process parameters. The discrete optimization problem is heuristically solved by cluster optimization method. Corresponding software for the optimization task is developed. The proposed optimization scheme can be applied for quality improvement of the pure metals (Ta, Ti, Cu, etc.) produced by the modern and ecologicalfriendly EBMR process. IntroductionElectron Beam Melting and Refining (EBMR) is a method in the special electrometallurgy for production of pure metals and alloys and new materials fabrication by scrap recycling [1][2][3].The EBMR process of metals and alloys is accomplished in vacuum chamber using electron beams as a heating source. The raw material is melted, refined and re-solidified in a watercooled crucible. The electrons fall on the front side of the feeding material and heat it. The molten metal as drops fall into the crucible. The top surface of the molten metal in the crucible is also heated by the e-beam [1][2][3]. Due to especially difficulties to acquire real time data for the processes in the liquid pool, the successful application and optimization of EBMR depends on the adequate mathematical modeling of the heat transfer processes. This allows to make a study of the influence of the regime parameters and the limiting factors. The most important information that is needed is about the temperature field in the metal ingot during EBMR which can't be precisely evaluated experimentally.In [4][5][6][7] developed stationary and non-stationary heat transfer models are presented and implemented. The non-stationary model, discretized by a modified Pismen-Rekford scheme [6,8], and the corresponding computer program gives opportunity for simulation of the EBMR process and gaining information about the dynamics of the input and output steams,

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%