Electromembrane extraction for pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis – Quo vadis

Huang, Chuixiu; Seip, Knut Fredrik; Gjelstad, Astrid; Pedersen‐Bjergaard, Stig

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2015.01.038

Cited by 68 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Typical extraction times in EME range between 5 and 15 min, nevertheless, up to 30 min EMEs have been used for less efficient extraction systems . Extraction time was studied between 0 and 30 min and Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to improve the transport of metals through SLMs, different reagents can be added to the organic phase (TOPO, TBP, MIBK, Aliquat, Cyanex, and LYX families) . Nevertheless, numerous studies showed that bis(2‐ethylhexyl) phosphate (DEHPA) is a good ion‐carrier in SLMs used in EMEs of environmental samples . For this reason, DEHPA is most frequently used as an SLM modifier in various EME applications .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electromembrane extraction and capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection: Multi‐extraction capabilities to analyses trace metals from saline samples

et al. 2018

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Simultaneous electromembrane extraction (EME) of six trace metal cations (Cu , Zn , Co , Ni , Pb , Cd ) from saline samples was investigated. CE with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C D) was used to determine the metals in acceptor solutions due to its excellent compatibility with the minute volumes of acceptor solutions. Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate (DEHPA) was selected as a suitable nonselective modifier for EME transport of target metal cations. Both, the individual effect of each major inorganic cation (Na , K , Ca , Mg ) and their synergistic effect on EME of the trace metal cations were evaluated. In both cases, a decrease in extraction efficiency was observed when major inorganic cations were present in the sample. This effect was more significant for Ca and Mg . The system was optimized for simultaneous extractions of the six target metals from saline samples (50 mM Na , 5 mM Mg , 1 mM K , and 1 mM Ca ) and following EME conditions were applied. Organic phase consisted of 1-nonanol containing 1% (v/v) DEHPA, acceptor solution was 1 M acetic acid (HAc) and sample pH was adjusted to 5. Sample was stirred at 750 rpm and EMEs were carried out at extraction potential of 10 V for 20 min. The method presented a repeatability between 8 and 21.8% (n = 5), good linearity in 0.5-10 μM concentration range (R = 0.987-0.999) and LOD better than 2.6 nM. Applicability of the EME-CE-C D method to the analyses of metal cations in drinking water, seawater, and urine samples was also demonstrated.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromembrane extraction and capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection: Multi‐extraction capabilities to analyses trace metals from saline samples

et al. 2018

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“…. Special reviews and papers deal with the particular sample clean‐up techniques, such as SPE , solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) , electromembrane extraction , selective electromembrane extraction based on isoelectric point , magneto‐immuno capture , and on‐line electrodriven sample‐stacking techniques . The latter electrodriven procedures include field amplified sample stacking , field enhanced or field‐amplified sample injection (FESI or FASI) ; large volume sample stacking (LVSS) , transient‐ITP (t‐ITP) , multiple capillary ITP (CITP) with repetitive hydrodynamic injection , dynamic pH junction , electrokinetic supercharging , and sweeping .…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in capillary and microchip electroseparations of peptides (2015–mid 2017)

Kašička

2017

Electrophoresis

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The review brings a comprehensive overview of recent developments and applications of high performance capillary and microchip electroseparation methods (zone electrophoresis, isotachophoresis, isoelectric focusing, affinity electrophoresis, electrokinetic chromatography, and electrochromatography) to analysis, microscale isolation, purification, and physicochemical and biochemical characterization of peptides in the years 2015, 2016, and ca. up to the middle of 2017. Advances in the investigation of electromigration properties of peptides and in the methodology of their analysis (sample preseparation, preconcentration and derivatization, adsorption suppression and EOF control, and detection) are described. New developments in particular CE and CEC methods are presented and several types of their applications to peptide analysis are reported: qualitative and quantitative analysis, determination in complex (bio)matrices, monitoring of chemical and enzymatical reactions and physical changes, amino acid, sequence and chiral analysis, and peptide mapping of proteins. Some micropreparative peptide separations are shown and capabilities of CE and CEC methods to provide important physicochemical characteristics of peptides are demonstrated.

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“…Since the introduction of EME, a considerable deal of research has been conducted to develop this concept in different fields of analytical chemistry. To date, more than 200 research papers have been published on EME and its significant developments [6,8,15,[20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the continuous flow of the sample solution on the performance of electromembrane extraction: Comparison with conventional procedure

Nojavan

Sirani

Asadi

2017

J of Separation Science

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In this study, electromembrane extraction from a flowing sample solution, termed as continuous-flow electromembrane extraction, was developed and compared with conventional procedures for the determination of four basic drugs in real samples. Experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were further studied and optimized. Under optimum conditions, linearity of continuous-flow procedure was within 8.0-500 ng/mL, while it was wider for conventional procedures (2.0-500 ng/mL). Moreover, repeatability (percentage relative standard deviation) was found to range between 5.6 and 10.4% (n = 3) for the continuous-flow procedure, with a better repeatability than that of conventional procedures (2.3-5.5% (n = 3)). Also, for the continuous-flow procedure, the estimated detection limit (signal-to-noise ratio = 3) was less than 2.4 ng/mL and extraction recoveries were within 8-10%, while the corresponding figures for conventional procedures were less than 0.6 ng/mL and 42-60%, respectively. Thus, the results showed that both continuous flow and conventional procedures were applicable for the extraction of model compounds. However, the conventional procedure was more convenient to use, and thus it was applied to determine sample drugs in real urine and wastewater samples.

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Electromembrane extraction for pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis – Quo vadis

Cited by 68 publications

References 92 publications

Electromembrane extraction and capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection: Multi‐extraction capabilities to analyses trace metals from saline samples

Electromembrane extraction and capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection: Multi‐extraction capabilities to analyses trace metals from saline samples

Recent developments in capillary and microchip electroseparations of peptides (2015–mid 2017)

Investigation of the continuous flow of the sample solution on the performance of electromembrane extraction: Comparison with conventional procedure

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