Electromagnetic Fields and Public Health

Aldrich, Tim E.; Easterly, C.E.

doi:10.2307/3430588

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Sources of human exposure to electromagnetic fields are myriad and include overhead power transmission lines, home appliances, lighting fixtures, and other devices. Recent observations that ELF fields can induce changes in biological systems have led to increased public awareness and concern over the possible human health effects associated with exposure to these fields (4,45,49,55).…”

Section: Toxicologic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of noise and electromagnetic fields on reproductive outcomes.

Meyer

Aldrich

Easterly

1989

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Much public health research has been directed to studies of cancer risks due to chemical agents. Recently, increasing attention has been given to adverse reproductive outcomes as another, shorter-term biologic indicator of public health impact. Further, several low-level ubiquitous physical agents have been implicated recently as possibly affecting human health. These physical factors (noise and electromagnetic fields) represent difficult topics for research with epidemiologic study methods. This paper provides a brief review of the published data related to the risk of adverse reproductive outcomes and exposure to noise or electromagnetic fields. The discussion includes ideas for possible biologic mechanisms, considerations for exposure assessment, and suggestions for epidemiologic research.

show abstract

Section: Toxicologic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of noise and electromagnetic fields on reproductive outcomes.

Meyer

Aldrich

Easterly

1989

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The individual records show that most fish swam directly through either of the two flumes, However, fish that remained in the 400-kHz EMF for hours caused concern among researchers because studies with other organisms'have shown both lower and higher frequency fields may cause detrimental biological changes (Aldrich andEasterly 1987, . Brown andChattopadhyay 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential for prolonged exposure of the adult salmon to strong EMFs within PIT-tag monitors is cause for concern. Previous studies indicate that EMFs in both kHz and GHz ranges can produce negative biological effects under prolonged (months) exposure (Aldrich andEasterly 1987, Brown andChattopadhyay 1988). However, no studies have investigated the effects of 125-or 400-kHz EMFs on the biology of fish or other animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study to Determine the Biological Feasibility of a New Fish-Tagging System : Annual Report 1998-1999.

Downing¹,

Prentice²,

Peterson³

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies by others have documented that EMFs in both kHz and GHz ranges can produce negative biological effects under prolonged (months) exposure (see reviews by Aldrich andEasterly 1987, Brown andChattopadhyay 1988). Regardless of the operating frequency used, even the weakest calculated field strength within a PIT-tag interrogation unit (58 A/m for 5,551 cm 2 passageways) is substantially higher than the 1.6 A/m level permitted under 1982 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards for 24-hour exposures to an entire human body by EMFs in the 100-to-400-kHz range.…”

Section: Conclusion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study to Determine the Biological Feasibility of a New Fish Tagging System; Annual Report 1994-1996.

Downing¹,

Frost²,

Jonasson³

et al. 1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

(total tow time was 72.6 hours). Information was obtained on 185 PIT-tagged fish. Evaluating the Separation-by-Code system at Lower Granite Dam in 1995 was useful in revealing how the computer program needed to be modified to add the necessary flexibility to make it possible for multiple researchers to use the system simultaneously. These changes will be completed in 1996. Separation-by-Code System: Diversion Gates In 1994, NMFS started to address the need to route fish in multiple directions and to construct fish diversion gates for pipes. NMFS developed two-way and three-way rotational gates and side-to-side gates. General descriptions of the two types of diversion gates and how they operate are presented in the report. Evaluations showed that the side-to-side design has several advantages over the rotational design: it can be operated with the pipe at any degree of fullness, it causes less elevation loss, its fabrication is less costly because it requires fewer custom parts, and it is more easily maintained. v Separation-by-Code System: An Evaluation Tool Once the basic Separation-by-Code System was working, NMFS recognized that the computer program and test facility located at NMFS Manchester Research Station could be used to evaluate modifications being considered for installation at PIT-tag facilities in the CRB. To determine what modifications would be acceptable, the following comparisons were evaluated during 1994: 1) performance of single-read firmware versus double-read firmware at a water velocity of 4 m/second; 2) reading and separation efficiencies based on two versus four coils; 3) separation efficiencies at water velocities of 3 versus 4 m/second; and 4) separation efficiencies for two distances between last coil and diversion gate. Tests were conducted with PIT-tagged sticks and coho salmon diverted by a slide gate. Reading efficiency (RE) was calculated by determining the percentage of tagged sticks or tagged fish read by at least one coil out of all possible PIT tags used in that trial. Separation efficiency (SE) for each trial was calculated using the theoretical and actual distributions of tagged sticks or fish within the two terminal holding areas based on which tags had been read. Thus, SE represented the percentage of correct actions for each trial. Results for stick and fish trials using the four-coil arrangement at 4 m/second demonstrated that the RE and SE performance for double-read firmware was equivalent to that of single-read firmware. In the stick trials for both firmwares, all sticks were read and only one stick was not diverted successfully. Although more fish than sticks were missed, there were still no significant differences in REs or SEs between single-read and double-read firmware. Furthermore, the double-read firmware did not produce a single erroneous tag code. Thus, to avoid potentially harmful erroneous tag codes, NMFS supports incorporating double-read firmware into the interrogation systems at the CRB dams. However, after NMFS finished its tests, Destron-Fearing produc...

show abstract

Electromagnetic Fields and Public Health

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of noise and electromagnetic fields on reproductive outcomes.

Effects of noise and electromagnetic fields on reproductive outcomes.

A Study to Determine the Biological Feasibility of a New Fish-Tagging System : Annual Report 1998-1999.

A Study to Determine the Biological Feasibility of a New Fish Tagging System; Annual Report 1994-1996.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About