Electromagnetic detection of deep freshwater lenses in a hyper-arid limestone terrain

Young, Michael; Macumber, Phillip G.; Watts, M. D.; Al-Toqy, Nasser

doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2004.09.002

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…The middle unit is discontinuous clayey gravel, which is found in the form of lenses and inter-bedded claystone bands between the upper and lower gravel units. The lower unit is cemented gravel, which is more compacted and conglomeratic, due to the cementation caused by the pressure exerted by the overlying sediments (Young et al, 2004;Abdalla and AlRawahi, 2013). Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of time-domain electromagnetic method in mapping saltwater intrusion of a coastal alluvial aquifer, North Oman

El-Kaliouby

Abdalla

2015

Journal of Applied Geophysics

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of time-domain electromagnetic method in mapping saltwater intrusion of a coastal alluvial aquifer, North Oman

El-Kaliouby

Abdalla

2015

Journal of Applied Geophysics

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“…In these areas, this approach underestimated the thickness of the freshwater lenses. Therefore, a paleogeographical map (Vos 2015) was used to delineate these 'recently' reclaimed polders and to assign them to the 'Low' class. The year 2000 was compared with 2100, to indicate the effect of future stresses, such as land subsidence (Haasnoot et al 1999), climate change and sea level rise.…”

Section: Regionalization Of Fresh Water Persistencementioning

confidence: 99%

Fresh Water Lens Persistence and Root Zone Salinization Hazard Under Temperate Climate

Stofberg

Essink

Pauw

et al. 2016

Water Resour Manage

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In low lying deltaic areas in temperate climates, groundwater can be brackish to saline at shallow depth, even with a yearly rainfall excess. For primary production in horticulture, agriculture, and terrestrial nature areas, the fresh water availability may be restricted to so-called fresh water lenses: relatively thin pockets of fresh groundwater floating on top of saline groundwater. The persistence of such fresh water lenses, as well as the quantity and quality of surface water is expected to be under pressure due to climate change, as summer droughts may intensify in North-West Europe. Better understanding through modelling of these fresh water resources may help anticipate the impact of salinity on primary production. We use a simple model to determine in which circumstances fresh water lenses may disappear during summer droughts, as that could give rise to enhanced root zone salinity. With a more involved combination of expert judgement and numerical simulations, it is possible to give an appraisal of the hazard that fresh water lenses disappear for the Dutch coastal regions. For such situations, we derive an analytical tool for anticipating the resulting salinization of the root zone, which agrees well with numerical simulations. The provided tools give a basis to quantify which lenses are in hazard of disappearing periodically, as well as an impression in which coastal areas this hazard is largest. Accordingly, these results and the followed procedure may assist water management decisions and prioritization strategies leading to a secure/ robust fresh water supply on a national to regional scale.

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“…Here we utilize TDEM to define the water table elevation across one segment of the Pinto Mountain Fault within the Mojave Desert. The application of TDEM to hydrological studies in arid environments is well known, with most work focused on defining and monitoring saltwater intrusion in coastal regions (Rabinovich 1995;Yechieli et al 2001;Young et al 2004;Abdalla et al 2010), mapping spatial variations in hydrostratigraphy (Fitterman et al 1991;Young et al 1998), or identifying sinkholes (Ezersky et al 2011). TDEM data are commonly used to derive one-dimensional (1D) resistivity models and soundings are often treated as virtual boreholes for defining hydrostratigraphy to about 300 m depth (Hobza et al 2012;Bedrosian et al 2012).…”

Section: Hydrogeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Young et al . ; Abdalla et al . ), mapping spatial variations in hydrostratigraphy (Fitterman et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faulting and groundwater in a desert environment: constraining hydrogeology using time‐domain electromagnetic data

Bedrosian

Burgess

Nishikawa

2013

Near Surface Geophysics

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Within the south‐western Mojave Desert, the Joshua Basin Water District is considering applying imported water into infiltration ponds in the Joshua Tree groundwater sub‐basin in an attempt to artificially recharge the underlying aquifer. Scarce subsurface hydrogeological data are available near the proposed recharge site; therefore, time‐domain electromagnetic (TDEM) data were collected and analysed to characterize the subsurface. TDEM soundings were acquired to estimate the depth to water on either side of the Pinto Mountain Fault, a major east‐west trending strike‐slip fault that transects the proposed recharge site. While TDEM is a standard technique for groundwater investigations, special care must be taken when acquiring and interpreting TDEM data in a two‐dimensional (2D) faulted environment. A subset of the TDEM data consistent with a layered‐earth interpretation was identified through a combination of three‐dimensional (3D) forward modelling and diffusion time‐distance estimates. Inverse modelling indicates an offset in water table elevation of nearly 40 m across the fault. These findings imply that the fault acts as a low‐permeability barrier to groundwater flow in the vicinity of the proposed recharge site. Existing production wells on the south side of the fault, together with a thick unsaturated zone and permeable near‐surface deposits, suggest the southern half of the study area is suitable for artificial recharge. These results illustrate the effectiveness of targeted TDEM in support of hydrological studies in a heavily faulted desert environment where data are scarce and the cost of obtaining these data by conventional drilling techniques is prohibitive.

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Electromagnetic detection of deep freshwater lenses in a hyper-arid limestone terrain

Cited by 28 publications

References 10 publications

Application of time-domain electromagnetic method in mapping saltwater intrusion of a coastal alluvial aquifer, North Oman

Application of time-domain electromagnetic method in mapping saltwater intrusion of a coastal alluvial aquifer, North Oman

Fresh Water Lens Persistence and Root Zone Salinization Hazard Under Temperate Climate

Faulting and groundwater in a desert environment: constraining hydrogeology using time‐domain electromagnetic data

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