The modular neural network (MNN) inversion method has been used for inversion of self-potential (SP) data anomalies caused by 2D inclined sheets of infinite horizontal extent. The analysed parameters are the depth (h), the half-width (a), the inclination (α), the zero distance from the origin (x o) and the polarization amplitude (k). The MNN inversion has been first tested on a synthetic example and then applied to two field examples from the Surda area of Rakha mines, India, and Kalava fault zone, India. The effect of random noise has been studied, and the technique showed satisfactory results. The inversion results show good agreement with the measured field data compared with other inversion techniques in use.
Electrical conduction describes the ability of porous media to conduct electrical charges and induced polarization (IP) describes their ability to reversibly store electrical charges. An effective conductivity can be defined as a complex number with frequency-dependent components (i.e., the conductivity is also dispersive). Although IP effects have been observed in frequency-and time-domain electromagnetic (FDEM and TDEM, respectively) data for years, most FDEM and TDEM studies still treat the earth using the conductivity alone (therefore neglecting IP effects). Electromagnetic field data inversion and interpretation require a quantitative three-dimensional modeling with dispersive conductivities, which is still a challenging problem. Using the generic partial-differential-equation solver Comsol Multiphysics's application program interface (API) with Matlab, we have successfully developed three-dimensional FDEM and TDEM modeling with IP effects. Benchmarks are performed using analytical solutions and other numerical techniques. Results with and without IP effects are also compared and analyzed to illustrate the importance of taking IP effects into account. Our modeling could be of great importance in quantitatively studying IP effects in the FDEM and TDEM methods, in developing new field configurations, and also in educational purposes.
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