Electroluminescence color tuning by dye doping in organic light-emitting diodes

Shoustikov, Andrei; You, Yujian; Thompson, Mark E.

doi:10.1109/2944.669454

Cited by 220 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Furthermore, as the dopant concentration increases, the peak position was slightly red-shifted and a shoulder in the long-wavelength side becomes apparent. Similar phenomena were also observed in Alq 3 films with 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(p-dimethylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran doapnt (DCM) aggregations [1,13,14]. The aggregations not only represent spatially distributed potential minimums but also broaden the effective DOS distribution.…”

Section: Sem Images and El Spectra (9 Pt Bold)supporting

confidence: 56%

“…This also shows the dependence of the mobility on the dopant concentration. Although the efficiency of doped OLEDs has been improved, the carrier dynamics have not been well discussed [1][2][3][4]. To further improve the efficiency and lifetimes of OLEDs, the carrier transport as well as recombination dynamics of doped OLEDs should be well explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The emission wavelengths can be modified by blending dopants into the polymers light emitting diodes or by the incorporation of fluorescent dyes into the emissive layers for small molecule devices. The incorporation of fluorescent dyes into host materials has the advantages of efficient color tuning, good device efficiency, and narrow emission spectrum width [1][2][3][4]. In OLEDs, carriers are localized in molecules and charge transport is a hopping process [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Carrier Transport and Recombination Dynamics in Disordered Organic Light Emitting Diodes

Feng¹,

Wang²

2010

Organic Light Emitting Diode

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Section: Sem Images and El Spectra (9 Pt Bold)supporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Carrier Transport and Recombination Dynamics in Disordered Organic Light Emitting Diodes

Feng¹,

Wang²

2010

Organic Light Emitting Diode

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“…Besides proper selection of organic materials, it is generally agreed that ef®cient carrier injection from both electrodes plays a key role in achieving the best device performance. In order to understand the mechanism of the carrier injection, band-structure diagram has always been used to explain behaviors of the injected electrons and holes for organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) [3,4]. Thus, the importance of properties of the interfaces between the organic layer and the electrode has been established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic structure and energy level alignment of Alq3/Al2O3/Al and Alq3/Al interfaces studied by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy

Wang

Lai

et al. 2000

Thin Solid Films

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The electronic structures at the interface of aluminum tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) (Alq 3 )/Al 2 O 3 /Al have been determined by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy measurements and compared to similar measurements of the Alq 3 /Al interface. In the Alq 3 /Al 2 O 3 /Al study, shift of the highest occupied molecular orbital level of the Alq 3 layer was observed when compared to that of Alq 3 /Al. An energy level alignment diagram was proposed, showing that the lowering of the driving voltage achieved in organic electro-luminescent devices with a thin Al 2 O 3 layer between the aluminum cathode and the Alq 3 ®lm can be attributed to the reduction of the barrier height for electron injection. The electronic structures of Alq 3 grown on Ga and its oxide have also been studied. q 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.

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“…Fluorescent dyes are often used in conjunction with other optically active materials for tuning purposes [292,293]. Absorption/emission properties of dye molecules originate from delocalized π-electrons often on large aromatic molecules.…”

Section: Dyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospinning for nano- to mesoscale photonic structures

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The fabrication of photonic and electronic structures and devices has directed the manufacturing industry for the last 50 years. Currently, the majority of small-scale photonic devices are created by traditional microfabrication techniques that create features by processes such as lithography and electron or ion beam direct writing. Microfabrication techniques are often expensive and slow. In contrast, the use of electrospinning (ES) in the fabrication of microand nano-scale devices for the manipulation of photons and electrons provides a relatively simple and economic viable alternative. ES involves the delivery of a polymer solution to a capillary held at a high voltage relative to the fiber deposition surface. Electrostatic force developed between the collection plate and the polymer promotes fiber deposition onto the collection plate. Issues with ES fabrication exist primarily due to an instability region that exists between the capillary and collection plate and is characterized by chaotic motion of the depositing polymer fiber. Material limitations to ES also exist; not all polymers of interest are amenable to the ES process due to process dependencies on molecular weight and chain entanglement or incompatibility with other polymers and overall process compatibility. Passive and active electronic and photonic fibers fabricated through the ES have great potential for use in light generation and collection in optical and electronic structures/ devices. ES produces fiber devices that can be combined with inorganic, metallic, biological, or organic materials for novel device design. Synergistic material selection and postprocessing techniques are also utilized for broad-ranging applications of organic nanofibers that span from biological to electronic, photovoltaic, or photonic. As the ability to electrospin optically and/or electronically active materials in a controlled manner continues to improve, the complexity and diversity of devices fabricated from this process can be expected to grow rapidly and provide an alternative to traditional resource-intensive fabrication techniques.

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Electroluminescence color tuning by dye doping in organic light-emitting diodes

Cited by 220 publications

References 36 publications

Carrier Transport and Recombination Dynamics in Disordered Organic Light Emitting Diodes

Carrier Transport and Recombination Dynamics in Disordered Organic Light Emitting Diodes

Electronic structure and energy level alignment of Alq3/Al2O3/Al and Alq3/Al interfaces studied by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy

Electrospinning for nano- to mesoscale photonic structures

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