Electrohydraulic and Extracorporeal Shock-Wave Lithotripsy

Adams, Larry G.; Senior, David F.

doi:10.1016/s0195-5616(99)50017-x

Cited by 54 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…7 Extracorporeal Shock-Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) has been used successfully to treat struvite and CaOx nephroliths and ureteroliths in dogs, but results have been less rewarding in cats. 8,9 Preliminary research suggests that ESWL doses must be lower in cats to avoid injury to the kidney, though more recent studies suggest this may not be the case. 8,10,11 Calculi in cats are more difficult to disrupt using ESWL when compared to similar stones in dogs, leading to poor results when treating clinical cases.…”

Section: -3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,9 Preliminary research suggests that ESWL doses must be lower in cats to avoid injury to the kidney, though more recent studies suggest this may not be the case. 8,10,11 Calculi in cats are more difficult to disrupt using ESWL when compared to similar stones in dogs, leading to poor results when treating clinical cases. 8,11,12 For these reasons ESWL is not currently recommended as a treatment for feline nephrolithiasis, and surgical intervention by nephrotomy continues to be the only therapeutic option for removal of feline nephroliths when treatment is indicated.…”

Section: -3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,10,11 Calculi in cats are more difficult to disrupt using ESWL when compared to similar stones in dogs, leading to poor results when treating clinical cases. 8,11,12 For these reasons ESWL is not currently recommended as a treatment for feline nephrolithiasis, and surgical intervention by nephrotomy continues to be the only therapeutic option for removal of feline nephroliths when treatment is indicated. 7,8,11 Until recently there have been no investigations relative to nephrotomy effects on kidney function in either normal cats or those with preexisting renal disease.…”

Section: -3mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Nephrotomy on Renal Function and Morphology in Normal Cats

et al. 2006

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Objective:To assess effects of bisection nephrotomy on renal function, size, and morphology in cats over a period of 12 weeks. Study Design:Controlled, randomized, blinded experiment. Sample Population:Ten adult female cats. Methods:Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), as determined by quantitative renal scintigraphy using Results:No significant differences in mean GFR and kidney size of the operated versus unoperated kidneys were observed at any time period. Individual GFR and renal size of all except one of the cats remained within normal limits. Two additional cats had evidence of transient ureteral obstruction in the immediate post-operative period. No significant histologic abnormalities were observed in any biopsy. Conclusions:Bisection nephrotomy in normal cats did not adversely affect renal function or morphology over the three month post-operative period. Clinical Relevance:Bisection nephrotomy can be safely performed in normal feline kidneys without causing a significant deleterious effect on renal function. Studies in animals with pre-existing renal insufficiency are needed to insure no adverse effects would occur in clinical cases where this surgical procedure is warranted.

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Section: -3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -3mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Nephrotomy on Renal Function and Morphology in Normal Cats

et al. 2006

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“…Conventional therapy for uroliths impacted in the urethra of dogs includes urohydropropulsion, catheterization, or surgical removal [3,4]. Although electrohydraulic shockwave lithotripsy (EHL) and extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) have been described in the dog [5,6], neither method is useful for uroliths within the urethra. In humans, the holmium laser has been used successfully for lithotripsy of uroliths [7,8] and may have application in treating dogs in veterinary medicine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro effects of pulsed holmium laser energy on canine uroliths and porcine cadaveric urethra

et al. 2003

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Background and Objectives: To assess the effect of holmium laser energy on canine uroliths and porcine urethra. Study Design/Materials and Methods: Uroliths of known composition and fresh cadaveric urethra were exposed to holmium laser energy. Urolith fragmentation times and depth of urethral lesions were determined. Results: Overall mean fragmentation time was 11.8 AE 8.01 seconds. Magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) and urate uroliths had significantly shorter fragmentation times compared to other uroliths. Fragmentation time of MAP uroliths irradiated with 1.2 J/pulse was significantly longer than the fragmentation time of MAP uroliths irradiated with 0.3 J/pulse. Overall mean lesion depth for urethral specimens treated with 908 contact mode irradiation was significantly greater than overall mean lesion depth for specimens treated with 308 non-contact mode. Conclusions: Holmium laser energy effectively fragmented canine uroliths and caused minimal urethral damage in vitro. Dogs with urolithiasis may represent a useful animal model for developing human lithotripsy procedures.

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“…22,25 Laser lithotripsy is more widely available than extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, and may be more practical for use in veterinary patients. [26][27][28] This preclinical investigation was designed to evaluate a lithotripsy technique and determine acute ( 3 days) and short-term (10 days, 30 days) effects of laser lithotripsy on the urinary system of dogs. We evaluated the efficacy of photothermal fragmentation on three urolith types: urate, calcium oxalate, and magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) collected from patients and surgically lodged in the urethra at the level of the base of the os penis.…”

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confidence: 99%