Electrodialysis in Aqueous-Organic Mixtures

Kentish, Sandra E.; Kloester, Elanor; Stevens, Geoffrey W.; Scholes, Colin A.; Dumée, Ludovic F.

doi:10.1080/15422119.2014.941111

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Promisingly, these values of water uptake match closely to the typical values of Neosepta-AMX (25–30%) and Fumasep-FAA (15–30%) ion-exchange membranes. 46 Therefore, it is reasonable to deduce that water permeability for these membranes is not sufficiently high to compromise the membrane performance in MCDI. These values show that increasing the mass loading of PEI can act to modify the wetting properties of the membranes, as water molecules become confined in hydrophilic passages (PEI) in an otherwise hydrophobic (PBI) matrix.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Area resistance values obtained for Q10 and Q20 were below those of selected commercial IEMs, however permselectivity values were slightly lower than expected values. 46 This is a likely side-effect of the increased water uptake and IEC, introducing small amounts of Na + ions into the membrane. Nevertheless, a maximum permselectivity value of 0.86 was achieved for the Q20 membrane.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Asymmetric Membrane Capacitive Deionization Using Anion-Exchange Membranes Based on Quaternized Polymer Blends

McNair

Cseri

Székely

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) for water desalination is an innovative technique that could help to solve the global water scarcity problem. However, the development of the MCDI field is hindered by the limited choice of ion-exchange membranes. Desalination by MCDI removes the salt (solute) from the water (solvent); this can drastically reduce energy consumption compared to traditional desalination practices such as distillation. Herein, we outline the fabrication and characterization of quaternized anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) based on polymer blends of polyethylenimine (PEI) and polybenzimidazole (PBI) that provides an efficient membrane for MCDI. Flat sheet polymer membranes were prepared by solution casting, heat treatment, and phase inversion, followed by modification to impart anion-exchange character. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to characterize the morphology and chemical composition of the membranes. The as-prepared membranes displayed high ion-exchange capacity (IEC), hydrophilicity, permselectivity and low area resistance. Due to the addition of PEI, the high density of quaternary ammonium groups increased the IEC and permselectivity of the membranes, while reducing the area resistance relative to pristine PBI AEMs. Our PEI/PBI membranes were successfully employed in asymmetric MCDI for brackish water desalination and exhibited an increase in both salt adsorption capacity (>3×) and charge efficiency (>2×) relative to membrane-free CDI. The use of quaternized polymer blend membranes could help to achieve greater realization of industrial scale MCDI.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetric Membrane Capacitive Deionization Using Anion-Exchange Membranes Based on Quaternized Polymer Blends

McNair

Cseri

Székely

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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“… ( a ) Electrodialysis (adapted from [ 9 ]); and ( b ) Membrane Capacitive Deionisation (MCDI) during adsorption. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Ion Exchange Membranes in Membrane Capacitive Deionisation

et al. 2017

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Ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) are unique in combining the electrochemical properties of ion exchange resins and the permeability of a membrane. They are being used widely to treat industrial effluents, and in seawater and brackish water desalination. Membrane Capacitive Deionisation (MCDI) is an emerging, energy efficient technology for brackish water desalination in which these ion-exchange membranes act as selective gates allowing the transport of counter-ions toward carbon electrodes. This article provides a summary of recent developments in the preparation, characterization, and performance of ion exchange membranes in the MCDI field. In some parts of this review, the most relevant literature in the area of electrodialysis (ED) is also discussed to better elucidate the role of the ion exchange membranes. We conclude that more work is required to better define the desalination performance of the proposed novel materials and cell designs for MCDI in treating a wide range of feed waters. The extent of fouling, the development of cleaning strategies, and further techno-economic studies, will add value to this emerging technique.

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“…In ED, cations and anions are transported through ion exchange membranes away from the feed under the influence of an applied electric potential difference (Figure 9.18) [64]. Cations moves through the cation-exchange membrane toward the cathode while anions moves through the anion-exchange toward the anode.…”

Section: Membrane Electrodialysismentioning

confidence: 99%