Electrodeposition of rare earth metals Y, Gd, Yb in ionic liquids

Глухов, Л. М.; Greish, A. A.; Kustov, L. М.

doi:10.1134/s0036024410010206

Cited by 43 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…From this analysis it was observed, that all the membranes presented a stable operation window between 0.0 V and 3.5 V. It was also noted that a reduction peak around 1.0 V appeared for the electrolyte films. Previously, the peak in this region was ascribed to the reduction of a low level of water present or oxygen impurities 21. In present study the measurements were made in glove box so no oxygen impurities were expected.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Gelatin_nZn(CF₃SO₃)₂ Polymer Electrolytes for Electrochromic Devices

et al. 2013

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The present work is focused on gelatin-based electrolytes doped with a range of concentration of zinc triflate (Zn-(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 ). The transparent-thin-film samples have been represented by the notation Gelatin n Zn(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 , where n represents the zinc triflate salt concentration in the electrolyte membranes from 0.00 wt% to 10.93 wt% . The samples have been characterized by conductivity measurements, thermal analysis, cyclic voltammetry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), polarized optical microscopy (POM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The gelatin-based electrolytes were also tested as ionic conductors in electrochromic devices with the glass/ITO/WO 3 /gelatin-based electrolyte/CeO 2 -TiO 2 /ITO/glass configuration.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Gelatin_nZn(CF₃SO₃)₂ Polymer Electrolytes for Electrochromic Devices

et al. 2013

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“…After final heat-treatment an increase in coercivity with increasing total amount of Dy is found similar to samples based on PVD deposited Dy layers. 18 By electroplating a 2.5 μm thick Dy layer, the total amount of Dy in the magnet could be increased from the bulk value of 0.5 wt% to 0.91 w%. After the GBD heat-treatment process, this results in an increase in coercivity of 20.4% reaching 1350 kA m −1 .…”

Section: Electrodeposition Of Dy On Cu-coated Nd-fe-b-samples-the Tementioning

confidence: 99%

Electroplating Dysprosium from IL-Based Solutions: A Promising Electrochemical Step to Produce Stronger High Performance Nd(Dy)-Fe-B Sintered Magnets

Suppan

Ruehrig

Kanitz

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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An electrodeposition replacement to the commonly used physical vapor deposition methods used in enhancing the coercivity of Nd-Fe-B sintered magnets has been proposed. Dysprosium was galvanostatically electroplated on Nd-Fe-B sintered magnets that were previously electrochemically coated with copper. Electroplated dysprosium films were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, depth profiling, scanning electron micrographs, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. XPS analysis after argon ion sputtering indicates that minor impurities are only superficial as their atomic fractions in the sample nearly disappear with increasing etching time. The electrochemistry of synthesized dysprosium bis(trifluromethylsulfonyl)imide dissolved in the air-and water-stable ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsuflonyl)imide was studied by cyclic voltammetry. Electroplating of metallic dysprosium was followed by a heat-treatment above the melting temperature of the Nd-rich phases of the sintered magnet base body whose magnetic characterization was performed in a hysteresis loop tracer for hard magnetic materials. Due to it being the highest energy product of any known magnet, Nd-Fe-B magnets are widely used in high performance electric machines. The energy product (BH) max, typically given in [kJoule/m 3 ] is the figure of merit for the maximum magnetic energy a permanent magnet can provide in a real application like an electrical motor. B denotes the magnetic flux density [in Tesla] in the material and H is the value of the magnetic field strength [in A/m] acting on the magnet. At zero field the magnet has a remanent polarization B r which gradually decreases with applied reverse fields, until the polarization changes direction (irreversibly) at negative field values of H cJ (=coercive field). The coercivity H cJ in Nd-Fe-B magnets decreases significantly with rising temperature and the operating temperature in motor applications can reach up to 200• C. 1 Magnet reversal or demagnetization of the permanent magnets has to be unconditionally avoided at any reverse field or thermal conditions during operation. The coercivity is the main material property limiting the application of high energy product Nd-Fe-B magnets. A method to overcome the risk of demagnetization at high temperatures is to further increase the coercivity of the material, so that H cJ and (BH) max still show adequate values at operating conditions. Up to now, this has been achieved by alloying heavy rare earth elements (HREE) such as dysprosium or terbium as substitution of light rare earth elements in the magnetic grains (Nd 2 Fe 14 B-phase) 2 on an industrial scale. HREE increase the magnetocrystalline anisotropy.3 Certain applications call for very high coercivity via substitution of Nd by Dy of up to about 10 wt%. However, substitution of LREEs by HREEs is not only very costly due to the scarcity of HREEs in comparison to Nd but causes a decrease in remanence B r due to anti-ferromagnetic coupling as well. A more efficient m...

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“…The decay data were taken from the online database NuDat2 [12]. Effective beam intensities and the energy scale were determined by using the excitation functions of the 24 Al(d,x) 22,24 Na and nat Ti(d,x) 48 V reactions [13] simultaneously re-measured over the whole energy range. The figure of the re-measured excitation function in comparison with the IAEA recommended data [9,13] can be found in our earlier publication on Sc, irradiated in the same experiment [11].…”

Section: Experimental Technique and Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using highly enriched target material, different target preparation methods can be considered. Electrodeposited in metal form can be used taking into account that the Gd metal is relatively stable in dry air [24]. Different compounds (oxide, chloride) can be used, prepared by pressing or in molten form.…”

Section: Targetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-section measurement of some deuteron induced reactions on 160Gd for possible production of the therapeutic radionuclide 161Tb

Tárkányi

Hermanne

Takács

et al. 2013

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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The radionuclide 161 Tb (T 1/2 =6.89 d) is potentially important for internal radiotherapy. It is generally produced through the 160 Gd(n,γ) 161 Gd → 161 Tb route at research reactors. In this work the possibility of its production at a cyclotron was investigated. Determination of the excitation function of the 160 Gd(d,x) 161 Tb production route and that of the disturbing 160 Gd(d,2n)-160 Tb side reaction was done over the deuteron energy range up to 50 MeV using the stacked-foil technique and high-resolution γ-ray spectrometry. A comparison of this production route with the established (n,γ) reaction at a nuclear reactor is made. arXiv:1303.6412v1 [nucl-ex]

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Electrodeposition of rare earth metals Y, Gd, Yb in ionic liquids

Cited by 43 publications

References 9 publications

Gelatin_nZn(CF₃SO₃)₂ Polymer Electrolytes for Electrochromic Devices

Gelatin_nZn(CF₃SO₃)₂ Polymer Electrolytes for Electrochromic Devices

Electroplating Dysprosium from IL-Based Solutions: A Promising Electrochemical Step to Produce Stronger High Performance Nd(Dy)-Fe-B Sintered Magnets

Cross-section measurement of some deuteron induced reactions on 160Gd for possible production of the therapeutic radionuclide 161Tb

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Electrodeposition of rare earth metals Y, Gd, Yb in ionic liquids

Cited by 43 publications

References 9 publications

GelatinnZn(CF3SO3)2 Polymer Electrolytes for Electrochromic Devices

GelatinnZn(CF3SO3)2 Polymer Electrolytes for Electrochromic Devices

Electroplating Dysprosium from IL-Based Solutions: A Promising Electrochemical Step to Produce Stronger High Performance Nd(Dy)-Fe-B Sintered Magnets

Cross-section measurement of some deuteron induced reactions on 160Gd for possible production of the therapeutic radionuclide 161Tb

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Gelatin_nZn(CF₃SO₃)₂ Polymer Electrolytes for Electrochromic Devices

Gelatin_nZn(CF₃SO₃)₂ Polymer Electrolytes for Electrochromic Devices