Electrodeposition of poly(n-methylpyrrole) coatings on steel from aqueous medium

Su, Weiji; Iroh, Jude O.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19990222)71:8<1293::aid-app9>3.0.co;2-r

Cited by 22 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These variously involve differences in the monomer concentration, the voltage applied for deposition, and the counterion employed. The electrodeposition of polypyrrole to steel occurs in three stages: (1) dissolution of the steel, (2) passivation of the steel, and (3) electropolymerization on the passivated steel . The applied current, the pH of the electrolyte/monomer solution, and the electrolyte concentration all impact the passivation and subsequent electrodeposition steps.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Evaluation of a Solid-Phase Microextraction Probe for in Vivo Pharmacokinetic Studies

et al. 2003

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Simplified procedures and a reduction in sampling errors are important advantages for performing as many chemical analysis steps as possible at the site where a sample or subject is located. Solid-phase microextraction technology addresses this goal, and for our purposes, it also allows for in vivo monitoring of a dynamic living system with minimal disturbance of the system. Here we report the development of a solid-phase microextraction application for in vivo monitoring of circulating blood concentrations of benzodiazepines. A probe based on a polypyrrole extraction phase was developed and used for extraction of drug molecules directly from a peripheral vein with subsequent instrumental quantification. The probe provides good sensitivity and selectivity for the drugs versus the blood matrix, while eliminating the need to draw blood. After sampling, the extracted drugs are quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The limit of detection of the method is ∼3-7 ng/mL for analysis of the benzodiazepines from whole blood, and the method is linear to 1000 ng/mL. The method was used to monitor the pharmacokinetic profiles of diazepam and its metabolites in dogs, and the results compared favorably with profiles determined by conventional methods. Because no blood and only very small amounts of drugs are removed, minimal disruption to the chemical balance in blood occurs. This approach offers the potential for reduced exposure to blood for analytical personnel, simplified, less disruptive sampling, and lower stress levels on animals for pharmacokinetic studies. It also allows for a significant reduction in animal usage for these studies, which is important both ethically and for improving data quality.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Evaluation of a Solid-Phase Microextraction Probe for in Vivo Pharmacokinetic Studies

et al. 2003

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“…The advantages of the electropolymerization process are the simple, reproducible procedure in which the thickness and adherence of the coating are fairly easily controlled by the duration and intensity of the applied current, the monomer composition and concentration, the solvent, and the reaction conditions. The properties of the polymer can also be controlled by copolymerization of different monomers,5 by grafting substituents to a functionalized polymer, and by entrapping biomolecules6 or metal ions 7. Our interest in electropolymerization coating stems from our efforts to develop biocompatible and biofunctional (drug‐eluting) uniform nanocoatings onto metallic medical devices such as cardiovascular stents and orthopedic implants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrrole derivatives for electrochemical coating of metallic medical devices

Weiss¹,

Mandler²,

Shustak³

et al. 2004

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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Electropolymerization of medical devices such as cardiovascular stents may posses advantages including a simple and reproducible process with the ability to control the thickness, adherence, and composition of the coating by the duration and intensity of the applied current, the monomer composition and concentration, the solvent, and the reaction conditions. The properties of the polymer can also be controlled by copolymerization of different monomers, grafting substituents to a functionalized polymer, and by entrapping biomolecules. This article describes the synthesis of a range of pyrrole-based monomers and their electrocoating onto stainless steel surfaces. N-substituted pyrrole monomers with C1-C18 alkyl chains and poly (ethylene glycol) chains were synthesized in good yields and purity. Electropolymerization of these monomers provided uniform coatings with different hydrophobicities. Studies now focus on the incorporation of drugs in the coated device for release from the surface.

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Synthesis of poly(O‐anisidine) coatings on low carbon steel by electrochemical polymerization of O‐anisidine

Wankhede

Koinkar

et al. 2002

Adv Polym Technol

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ABSTRACT:The poly(O-anisidine) (POA) coatings have been synthesized on low carbon steel (LCS) substrates by electrochemical polymerization (ECP) of O-anisidine. The synthesis of POA coatings was carried out under cyclic voltammetric and galvanostatic conditions from an aqueous solution of oxalic acid. It has been observed that the formation of POA coatings on LCS occurs after the passivation of its surface via the formation of polycrystalline iron oxalate (FeC 2 O 4 ·2H 2 O) interphase. The formation of iron oxalate interphase is confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, glancing angle x-ray diffraction (GAXRD) measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Uniform, granular, and strongly adherent dark green POA coatings were obtained on the LCS substrate by ECP of O-anisidine. These coatings were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), potential-time (E-t) curves, UV-visible absorption SYNTHESIS OF POLY(O-ANISIDINE) COATINGS ON LOW CARBON STEELspectroscopy and SEM. The potential-time curve is characterized by an induction time before the ECP of O-anisidine. The induction time is found to be dependent on the applied current density. The optical absorption spectroscopy study reveals the formation of conducting emeraldine salt phase of POA. Our results reveal that the oxalic acid is a suitable medium for the ECP of O-anisidine on the LCS substrate and it favors the formation of emeraldine salt (ES) phase of

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Electrodeposition of poly(n-methylpyrrole) coatings on steel from aqueous medium

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Development and Evaluation of a Solid-Phase Microextraction Probe for in Vivo Pharmacokinetic Studies

Development and Evaluation of a Solid-Phase Microextraction Probe for in Vivo Pharmacokinetic Studies

Pyrrole derivatives for electrochemical coating of metallic medical devices

Synthesis of poly(O‐anisidine) coatings on low carbon steel by electrochemical polymerization of O‐anisidine

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