Electrodeposition of Copper/Carbonous Nanomaterial Composite Coatings for Heat-Dissipation Materials

Abstract

Carbonous nanomaterials are promising additives for composite coatings for heat-dissipation materials because of their excellent thermal conductivity. Here, copper/carbonous nanomaterial composite coatings were prepared using nanodiamond (ND) as the carbonous nanomaterial. The copper/ND composite coatings were electrically deposited onto copper substrates from a continuously stirred copper sulfate coating bath containing NDs. NDs were dispersed by ultrasonic treatment, and the initial bath pH was adjusted by adding sodium hydroxide solution or sulfuric acid solution before electrodeposition. The effects of various coating conditions-the initial ND concentration, initial bath pH, stirring speed, electrical current density, and the amount of electricity-on the ND content of the coatings were investigated. Furthermore, the surface of the NDs was modified by hydrothermal treatment to improve ND incorporation. A higher initial ND concentration and a higher stirring speed increased the ND content of the coatings, whereas a higher initial bath pH and a greater amount of electricity decreased it. The electrical current density showed a minimum ND content at approximately 5 A/dm 2 . Hydrothermal treatment, which introduced carboxyl groups onto the ND surface, improved the ND content of the coatings. A copper/ND composite coating with a maximum of 3.85 wt % ND was obtained.

Impact of Nonlinear Thermal Radiation and Entropy Optimization Coatings with Hybrid Nanoliquid Flow Past a Curved Stretched Surface

“…Hussain et al [18] utilized the exponentially stretching sheet to scrutinize the flow of Jeffrey nanofluid with radiation effects. Some recent explorations highlighting various fluid flows past stretched surfaces with coatings can be found in references [19][20][21][22].…”

Electrochemical Deposition of Ni, NiCo Alloy and NiCo–Ceramic Composite Coatings—A Critical Review

“…At higher agitation rates, the volume of nanoparticles reaching the cathode surface (mass transfer) increases thereby increasing the overall content of nanoparticles in the coatings. Goto et al [55] reported that for the range of the experiment conducted, the nano diamond (ND) content in the coatings increased with increase in the stirring speed as shown in Figure 5. Where pulse electrodeposition is conducted using sediment deposition technique, agitation is a factor of T ON /T OFF ratio, where T ON and T OFF represent the time intervals when the agitation is on and off.…”

“…In the case of Ni-Co nanocomposites, it has been reported that thinner coatings resulting from smaller amounts of electricity tend to have a higher content of nanoparticles compared to thicker coatings that are formed with larger amounts of electricity. This suggests that nanoparticles become adsorbed during the early phase of deposition and become unevenly distributed with increases in thickness of coatings [55]. In the case of Ni-Co, electrodeposition of the Co element is influenced and controlled by diffusion as compared to that of Ni which is predominantly controlled by activation.…”

Electrodeposition of Ni-W/CNT Composite Plating and Its Potential as Coating for PEMFC Bipolar Plate

“…The amount of CNT incorporated in the Ni-W/CNT composite plating were estimated by measuring the carbon content in the platings [27,28]. The carbon content of the composite platings was determined by utilizing a carbon-sulfur analyzer (EMIA-510, Horiba, Kyoto, Japan).…”