Electrodeposition of Composites of Zinc with Vanadium Oxide from Sulfate Solutions

Nakano, Hiroaki; Oue, Satoshi; Kozaki, Daisuke; Kobayashi, Shígeo; Fukushima, Hisaaki

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.48.506

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Therefore, when the metal ions that hydrolyze at low pH are added into the electrolyte solution as a second element, the metal ions turn into solid oxides via a hydrolysis reaction, and the oxide co-deposits with the deposited Zn. 18,19) Utilizing the abovementioned hydrolysis reaction during electrodeposition enables composite electrodeposition to be carried out without the need for the addition of non-soluble solid particles into the electrolyte. Al 3+ , Zr 4+ , and VO 2+ ions, which hydrolyze at low pH, can be added into a Zn electrolyte solution, and their metal oxides co-deposit with Zn.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1826) However, Al 3+ and Zr 4+ ions rarely co-deposit with Zn as an oxide, 20,23,24) whereas VO 2+ ions co-deposit with Zn as an oxide, but the dispersion of fine particles in the deposited Zn is nonuniform. 18,19,21,22) Therefore, in this study, Zr 4+ and VO 2+ ions were added into Zn electrolyte solution, wherein PEG was used as an additive to promote the hydrolysis reaction. PEG is reported to increase the content of Zr oxide in deposits because it increases the pH at the cathode layer during Zn deposition due to an increase in the reduction of hydrogen ions because of a polarization effect of the Zn deposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Polyethylene Glycol on Electrodeposition of Zn Active Metal Oxide Composites from a Particle-Free Solution

et al. 2020

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Electrodeposition of ZnZr and ZnV oxide composites was performed under galvanostatic conditions at 313 K on unagitated pH 2 sulfate solutions containing Zn 2+ and Zr 4+ or VO 2+ ions and an additive such as polyethylene glycol (PEG). The effects of PEG addition on the codeposition of Zr and V oxides and their polarization behavior, and on the microstructure of the deposits, were investigated. Although the Zr content in the deposits obtained from the ZnZr solution in the absence of PEG was approximately zero, it increased significantly at a current density of above 1000 A•m ¹2 following the addition of PEG. In the ZnV solution, the V content in the deposits obtained from 100 to 2000 A•m ¹2 was higher with PEG than without it. In the presence of PEG, the cathode potential polarized, the rate of hydrogen evolution increased, and the hydrolysis reaction of Zr 4+ and VO 2+ ions proceeded smoothly, resulting in an increase in the Zr and V content in the deposits. Additionally, the crystal platelets of Zn in the ZnZr and the ZnV oxide films became fine, and the surface coverage of the spongiform Zr and film-like V oxides increased. Furthermore, the corrosion current densities of the ZnZr and ZnV oxide films obtained from the solution with PEG were lower than those from the solution without it. The reduction rate of dissolved oxygen decreased in the films in the presence of PEG, thereby leading to a decrease in the corrosion current density.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Polyethylene Glycol on Electrodeposition of Zn Active Metal Oxide Composites from a Particle-Free Solution

et al. 2020

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“…Since the electrodeposition of a composite can produce deposits with properties like good abrasion resistance, good lubricating ability, and good corrosion resistance, this technique has been widely used to achieve the conversion of surface materials. 15) Films have been reported to be codeposited with oxides, carbides, nitrides, or diamond 6,7) as particle to increase strength; with molybdenum disulfide, 8) tetrafluoroethylene, 911) liquid paraffin or polytetrafluoroethylene as lubricant; and with silica, 12,13) alumina, 14) or chromate as agents that increase resistance to corrosion. In the electrodeposition of a composite, the solid fine particles, which are characterized by poor solubility, are generally suspended in an electrolyte acting as a dispersion material, and the dispersed particles are incorporated into the deposited films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, there is a problem on manufacturing process because the aggregated particles tend to sink, causing the formation of clogs in the filter and pipes of the electrolysis equipment. 15) On the other hand, in the electrodeposition of less-noble metals like Zn from aqueous solution, the pH at cathode layer rises because of the evolution of hydrogen, which occurs as a side reaction of the metal deposition. Therefore, in the case of metal ions that undergo hydrolysis at low pH, a second form of the metal species is produced in the electrolysis solution, and the metal ions may end up being co-deposited with matrix films in the form of hydroxides or oxides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition Behavior of Zn-Polyethyleneimine Composite from Sulfate Solution and Its Micro Structure

Fuchi

Oue

Kikuchi³

et al. 2018

Mater. Trans.

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Electrodeposition of Zn-polyethyleneimine composite was performed at 10012000 A·m ¹2 and 4.8 © 10 5 C·m ¹2 in agitated sulfate solutions containing 1.84 mol·dm ¹3 of ZnSO 4 and 4 g·dm ¹3 of polyethyleneimine at pH 1.8 and at 313 K: the composite's deposition behavior and the relevant deposits' micro-structure were investigated. The films obtained at current densities above 4000 A·m ¹2 from solutions containing polyethyleneimine exhibited gloss, and the gloss was highest for solutions containing polyethyleneimine with the highest molecular weight (70000). The preferred orientation of deposited Zn crystals changed from {0001} to {1120} and {10 10} in the presence of polyethyleneimine, and the size of the platelet-shaped Zn crystals decreased as the polyethyleneimine molecular weight and current density increased. The deposition of Zn was polarized in the presence of polyethyleneimine, and the degree of polarization increased with the current density and with polyethyleneimine's molecular weight. The C and N contents in deposited films increased as the polyethyleneimine molecular weight and current density increased, indicating an increase in the tendency of polyethyleneimine to be adsorbed onto the cathode. During deposition, polyethyleneimine buffered somewhat the pH increase in the layer of the electrolyte solution in contact with the cathode. At this time, H + ions are released from polyethyleneimine because of an increase in pH in the cathode's vicinity, and consequently, the number of electron lone-pairs in N atoms of polyethyleneimine increased, resulting in an increase in the adsorption ability of polyethyleneimine onto the cathode.

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“…Therefore, when metal ions that hydrolyze at low pH values are added to electrolytes as secondary elements, these metal ions can codeposit with Zn as oxides or hydroxides as a result of the hydrolysis reaction. [8][9][10][11] Because this deposition accompanied by a hydrolysis reaction can be performed in an electrolyte containing only metal ions and not suspended particles, extremely ne nanometer-scale particles are expected to codeposit with Zn, potentially resulting in materials with new functional properties and solving the problems associated with manufacturing of conventional composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of Zn–Zr Oxide Composite from Dispersed-Particle-Free Solution

et al. 2016

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Electrodeposition of Zn-Zr oxide composite from an unagitated sulfate solution containing Zn 2+ and Zr ions was investigated at pH 1-2 and at 313 K under galvanostatic conditions. The Zr content was higher in deposits formed from the solution at pH 2 than in those formed from the solution at pH 1 and initially decreased with increasing current density; however, when the current density was increased further, the Zr content in the deposits increased. This increase in Zr content was attributed to the acceleration of the hydrolysis of Zr ions by an increase in hydrogen evolution in the solution in the vicinity of cathode. In solutions containing Zr ions, Zn deposition was substantially polarized because of the electric resistance of lm of the Zr oxide formed by the hydrolysis of Zr ions. The pH in the vicinity of the cathode, as measured using an Sb microelectrode, was approximately 2.2, which is similar to the critical pH for the formation of ZrO 2 . Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy point analysis of the deposits revealed that granular Zr oxide was deposited at the surfaces of the Zn platelet crystals and in the voids between the crystals. Polarization curves in 3 mass% NaCl solution revealed that the corrosion potential of the deposited Zn-1.1 mass% Zr oxide lms was more noble than that of Zn lms and that the corrosion current density of the Zn-1.1 mass% Zr oxide lms was lower than that of Zn lms.

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Electrodeposition of Composites of Zinc with Vanadium Oxide from Sulfate Solutions

Abstract: Fig. 14.Relationship between V content and the corrosion current density of Zn-V oxide composite in 3 % NaCl solution.

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Effect of Polyethylene Glycol on Electrodeposition of Zn Active Metal Oxide Composites from a Particle-Free Solution

Effect of Polyethylene Glycol on Electrodeposition of Zn Active Metal Oxide Composites from a Particle-Free Solution

Electrodeposition Behavior of Zn-Polyethyleneimine Composite from Sulfate Solution and Its Micro Structure

Electrodeposition of Zn–Zr Oxide Composite from Dispersed-Particle-Free Solution

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