Electrodeposition of BaCO3 coatings on stainless steel substrates: Oriented growth in the presence of complexing agents

Joseph, Sumy; Upadhya, S. Mamatha; Kamath, P. Vishnu

doi:10.1007/s12039-009-0082-z

J Chem Sci

2009

DOI: 10.1007/s12039-009-0082-z

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Electrodeposition of BaCO3 coatings on stainless steel substrates: Oriented growth in the presence of complexing agents

Sumy Joseph

S. Mamatha Upadhya

P. Vishnu Kamath

Abstract: Electrodeposition of BaCO 3 from aminecarboxylate stabilized-Ba(HCO 3 ) 2 baths, results in oriented crystallization when the bath conditions promote the decomposition of the Ba complex. Crystal growth is predominant along the c-crystallographic axis. The crystallites orient themselves with their c-axis normal to the substrate. The crystallites exhibit three-fold twinning (trilling) consequent to the evolution of the {110} planes as planes of reflection. Pairs of trillings are seen to grow about a four-sided p… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications

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“…Nitrates are electrochemically reduced lowering the pH at the substrate, which causes phosphates and carbonates of these metals to precipitate. [27][28][29][30] Ionic liquids (ILs) provide a suitable electrolyte system to test the effects of alkali and alkaline earth metal ions on the lithium metal anode. Reversible lithium reduction/oxidation has been shown by ) unless CC License in place (see abstract).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metal Salts on Suppression of Lithium Dendrites

Goodman

Kohl

2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Lithium dendrites are needle-like structures that form during the electrodeposition of lithium metal. These whiskers complicate the use of lithium metal as an anode in lithium batteries because they can puncture the separator and short circuit the battery. In addition, the large surface area and poor adhesion of the deposit contributes to loss of coulombic efficiency. The effect of alkali and alkaline earth metal ions on the morphology of electrodeposited lithium metal has been studied. Varying concentrations of alkali and alkaline earth metal ions were added to a 1 M lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li-TFSI) trimethylbutylammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (N 1114 -TFSI) electrolyte. Lithium metal was electrodeposited from each electrolyte and examined ex-situ by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Alkali metal ions, with the exception of sodium, had little or no effect on the deposited lithium morphology. However, alkaline earth metal ions at 0.05 M concentration significantly reduced the occurrence of dendrites. When the concentration of the alkaline earth metal ions was increased to 0.1 M, dendrites were completely eliminated and lithium was deposited in a sphere-like morphology. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) showed that no alkaline earth metals were found in the sphere-like deposits, suggesting that dendrite mitigation occurred through an adsorption mechanism. Lithium-ion batteries based on graphite anodes have been commercialized and used in mobile devices due to their high power and energy density. The graphite anode operates close to its theoretical capacity of 329 mAh/g. Thus, to increase the energy density of the overall battery, a new anode material must be developed. Reducing lithium ions on a substrate, rather than intercalating them into graphite, raises the specific capacity of the anode to 3861 mAh/g and is compatible with existing cathodes and future high-voltage cathodes.Lithium-metal anodes suffer from low cycling efficiency for several reasons. First, the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) that forms on graphite anodes to protect the electrode from further reaction with the electrolyte, does not form as well on a metallic lithium surface. Second, the lithium metal anode undergoes extreme volume changes when going between the charged and discharged states, which can significantly disrupt the SEI during each cycle. Finally, when lithium metal is deposited on a substrate, such as during battery charging, lithium does not deposit as a dense, cohesive, planar layer, but rather deposits as needle-like structures, sometimes called dendrites, as shown in Figure 1.Adding SEI forming additives and restricting the battery to shallow discharge cycles can mitigate some of these problems, however, these restrictions are not desirable. Vinylene carbonate (VC) has been shown to be a valuable additive for lithium metal batteries, yielding higher efficiencies and increased cycle life.1,2 VC and other cyclic carbonates have been shown to form an SEI via ring-opening reactions tha...

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metal Salts on Suppression of Lithium Dendrites

Goodman

Kohl

2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Microstructure of BaCO3 and BaTiO3 coatings produced on titanium by plasma electrolytic oxidation

Jiang

Meletis

2020

Applied Surface Science

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Applying Taguchi robust design to the optimization of synthesis of barium carbonate nanorods via direct precipitation

Shamsipur

Pourmortazavi

Hajimirsadeghi

et al. 2013

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspect

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Electrodeposition of BaCO3 coatings on stainless steel substrates: Oriented growth in the presence of complexing agents

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Effect of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metal Salts on Suppression of Lithium Dendrites

Effect of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metal Salts on Suppression of Lithium Dendrites

Microstructure of BaCO3 and BaTiO3 coatings produced on titanium by plasma electrolytic oxidation

Applying Taguchi robust design to the optimization of synthesis of barium carbonate nanorods via direct precipitation

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