Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings

DOI: 10.1002/9780470291184.ch71

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Electrode Materials for Mixed-Potential No, Sensors

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Fred C. Montgomery

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Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Another transition metal oxide used as the electrode material in NO x sensors is Cr 2 O 3 [275][276][277][278][279][280][281]. Other binary oxides used for NO x sensors include ZnO [264], V 2 O 5 [282], and SnO 2 [278,279], which has also been used for CO sensors [283].…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…including (La,Ca)CrO 3 [275], (La,Ba)CrO 3 [264], La(Cr,Mg)O 3 [312], and (Sm,Sr) CrO 3 [313], have shown sensitivity towards NO x .…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LaFeO 3 , which has been used as a semiconductor-type gas sensor [315,316], has also been used as an electrode with YSZ [255,263,317] or NASICON [317,318] electrolytes for potentiometric NO x sensors. Strontium (i.e., (La,Sr)FeO 3 [255,256,284]) or strontium and cobalt (i.e., (La, Sr)(Co,Fe)O 3 [275,280,309]) have been added to LaFeO 3 to improve electrode performance. (La,Ca)MnO 3 doped with either cobalt or nickel on the manganese site has been used as the electrode for NO x sensors [319].…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(La,Ca)MnO 3 doped with either cobalt or nickel on the manganese site has been used as the electrode for NO x sensors [319]. The outputs of some NO x sensors with perovskite electrodes are shown in Figure 13.26 [255,256,264,275,309,312].…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other spinel electrode materials include ZnFe 2 O 4 [327][328][329][330][331] and CdMn 2 O 4 [325]. The outputs of some NO x sensors with spinel electrodes are shown in Figure 13.27 [29,275,309,313,320,324,325,[327][328][329][330].…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Sensors: Fundamentals, Key Materials, and Applications

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2009

Solid State Electrochemistry I

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Solid electrolytes are well suited for use in chemical sensors for high-temperature applications. The first such sensors followed from the use of solid electrolytes for thermodynamic measurements, and are based on galvanic cells, for which the open circuit voltage is related to the concentration of the mobile ionic species, or to another target species through equilibration at the electrode surface. However, sensors can also be based on nonequilibrium, but steady-state, potentials established between electrochemical reactions at the electrode. Another approach is to use the current passing through the electrolyte, rather than the voltage across the electrolyte, as the sensor signal. In this chapter we first describe the different methods for using solid electrolytes in chemical sensors, and then discuss some of the materials challenges and example applications. IntroductionMore than 50 years ago, Kiukkola and Wagner [1] demonstrated that solid electrolytes couldbeusedingalvaniccellstomeasurethethermodynamicpropertiesofoxides.Those pioneering studies subsequently led to the more practical application of solid electrolytes in chemical sensors. The ionic conduction in solid electrolytes is thermally activated and thus its rate increases with increasing temperature; consequently, solid electrolytes are well suited for high-temperature applications. On the other hand, such temperature dependencealsomeansthatsensorsbasedonsolidelectrolytescanrespondsluggishlyor may be inoperable at low temperatures. However, one of the advantages of solid-state devices, such as those based on solid electrolytes, is that they can be miniaturized [2,3]. Decreasingthedevicedimensionsreducesdiffusionlengths,whichinturndecreasesthe response time and thus also the minimum operating temperature.Ionic conducting solids can be used in a variety of different types of sensor [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Solids forwhichthe ionicconductivity is much largerthanthe electronic conductivity can Solid State Electrochemistry I: Fundamentals, Materials and their Applications. Edited by Vladislav V. Kharton

“…Another transition metal oxide used as the electrode material in NO x sensors is Cr 2 O 3 [275][276][277][278][279][280][281]. Other binary oxides used for NO x sensors include ZnO [264], V 2 O 5 [282], and SnO 2 [278,279], which has also been used for CO sensors [283].…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…including (La,Ca)CrO 3 [275], (La,Ba)CrO 3 [264], La(Cr,Mg)O 3 [312], and (Sm,Sr) CrO 3 [313], have shown sensitivity towards NO x .…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LaFeO 3 , which has been used as a semiconductor-type gas sensor [315,316], has also been used as an electrode with YSZ [255,263,317] or NASICON [317,318] electrolytes for potentiometric NO x sensors. Strontium (i.e., (La,Sr)FeO 3 [255,256,284]) or strontium and cobalt (i.e., (La, Sr)(Co,Fe)O 3 [275,280,309]) have been added to LaFeO 3 to improve electrode performance. (La,Ca)MnO 3 doped with either cobalt or nickel on the manganese site has been used as the electrode for NO x sensors [319].…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(La,Ca)MnO 3 doped with either cobalt or nickel on the manganese site has been used as the electrode for NO x sensors [319]. The outputs of some NO x sensors with perovskite electrodes are shown in Figure 13.26 [255,256,264,275,309,312].…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other spinel electrode materials include ZnFe 2 O 4 [327][328][329][330][331] and CdMn 2 O 4 [325]. The outputs of some NO x sensors with spinel electrodes are shown in Figure 13.27 [29,275,309,313,320,324,325,[327][328][329][330].…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Electrochemical Sensors: Fundamentals, Key Materials, and Applications

¹

2009

Solid State Electrochemistry I

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Solid electrolytes are well suited for use in chemical sensors for high-temperature applications. The first such sensors followed from the use of solid electrolytes for thermodynamic measurements, and are based on galvanic cells, for which the open circuit voltage is related to the concentration of the mobile ionic species, or to another target species through equilibration at the electrode surface. However, sensors can also be based on nonequilibrium, but steady-state, potentials established between electrochemical reactions at the electrode. Another approach is to use the current passing through the electrolyte, rather than the voltage across the electrolyte, as the sensor signal. In this chapter we first describe the different methods for using solid electrolytes in chemical sensors, and then discuss some of the materials challenges and example applications. IntroductionMore than 50 years ago, Kiukkola and Wagner [1] demonstrated that solid electrolytes couldbeusedingalvaniccellstomeasurethethermodynamicpropertiesofoxides.Those pioneering studies subsequently led to the more practical application of solid electrolytes in chemical sensors. The ionic conduction in solid electrolytes is thermally activated and thus its rate increases with increasing temperature; consequently, solid electrolytes are well suited for high-temperature applications. On the other hand, such temperature dependencealsomeansthatsensorsbasedonsolidelectrolytescanrespondsluggishlyor may be inoperable at low temperatures. However, one of the advantages of solid-state devices, such as those based on solid electrolytes, is that they can be miniaturized [2,3]. Decreasingthedevicedimensionsreducesdiffusionlengths,whichinturndecreasesthe response time and thus also the minimum operating temperature.Ionic conducting solids can be used in a variety of different types of sensor [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Solids forwhichthe ionicconductivity is much largerthanthe electronic conductivity can Solid State Electrochemistry I: Fundamentals, Materials and their Applications. Edited by Vladislav V. Kharton

Sensing mechanism of non-equilibrium solid-electrolyte-based chemical sensors

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2010

J Solid State Electrochem

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Synthesis of composite La1.67Sr0.33NiO4–YSZ for a potentiometric NOx sensor by microwave-assisted complex-gel auto-combustion

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²

2013

Ceramics International

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No abstract

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