Electrode Composite for Flexible Zinc–Manganese Dioxide Batteries through In Situ Polymerization of Polymer Hydrogel

Zamarayeva, Alla M.; Jegraj, Akshaya; Toor, Anju; Pister, Veronika I.; Chang, Cheryl; Chou, Austin; Arias, Ana Claudia

doi:10.1002/ente.201901165

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…This is attributable to an increase in electrical resistance and a decrease in mass transport characteristics caused in this case by the enlarged distance between both electrodes [39]. Regardless of the gap width of the respective battery, all discharge curves show a more or less extensive kink located in the potential range of 0.8 V-0.7 V. Similar curve characteristics for stack type Zn|MnO2 batteries were observed by [35,40] and can be attributed to a two-phase MnO2 reduction reaction [40]. In Figure 6c, sloping discharge profiles with considerable voltage drops (IR drops), especially from the OCP to CCV are observed.…”

Section: Physical Characterisation Of Electrodessupporting

confidence: 56%

Gap width modification on fully screen-printed coplanar Zn|MnO2 batteries

Rassek¹,

Steiner²,

Herrenbauer³

et al. 2020

Flex. Print. Electron.

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Fully printed primary zinc-manganese dioxide (Zn|MnO2) batteries in coplanar configuration were fabricated by sequential screen printing. While electrode dimensions and transferred active masses were kept at constant levels, electrode separating gaps were incrementally enlarged from 1 mm to 5 mm. Calendering of solely zinc anodes increased interparticle contact of active material within the electrodes while the porosity of manganese dioxide based electrodes was maintained by non-calendering. Chronopotentiometry revealed areal capacities for coplanar batteries up to 2.8 mAh cm -2 . Galvanostatic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (GEIS) measurements and short circuit measurements were used to comprehensively characterise the effect of gap width extension on bulk electrolyte resistance and charge transfer resistance values. Linear relationships between nominal gap widths, short circuit currents and internal resistances were evidenced, but showed only minor impact on actual discharge capacities. The findings contradict previous assumptions to minimise gap widths of printed coplanar batteries to a sub-millimetre range in order to retain useful discharge capacities. The results presented in this study may facilitate process transfer of printed batteries to an industrial environment.

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Section: Physical Characterisation Of Electrodessupporting

confidence: 56%

Gap width modification on fully screen-printed coplanar Zn|MnO2 batteries

Rassek¹,

Steiner²,

Herrenbauer³

et al. 2020

Flex. Print. Electron.

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“… 23 , 24 Zamarayeva et al reported a Zn metal anode along with a manganese oxide (MnO 2 ) cathode, where performance retention after bending was facilitated through highly flexible binders such as poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). 25 …”

Section: Flexible and Stretchable Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For less-sensitive battery chemistries like aqueous Zn-ion batteries, flexible but sufficiently safe packaging is provided by polymers like polyethylene naphthalate (PEN)/polyvinyl chloride (PVC). 25 …”

Section: Flexible and Stretchable Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Batteries: Flexible, Transient, and Transparent

et al. 2021

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The primary task of a battery is to store energy and to power electronic devices. This has hardly changed over the years despite all the progress made in improving their electrochemical performance. In comparison to batteries, electronic devices are continuously equipped with new functions, and they also change their physical appearance, becoming flexible, rollable, stretchable, or maybe transparent or even transient or degradable. Mechanical flexibility makes them attractive for wearable electronics or for electronic paper; transparency is desired for transparent screens or smart windows, and degradability or transient properties have the potential to reduce electronic waste. For fully integrated and self-sufficient systems, these devices have to be powered by batteries with similar physical characteristics. To make the currently used rigid and heavy batteries flexible, transparent, and degradable, the whole battery architecture including active materials, current collectors, electrolyte/separator, and packaging has to be redesigned. This requires a fundamental paradigm change in battery research, moving away from exclusively addressing the electrochemical aspects toward an interdisciplinary approach involving chemists, materials scientists, and engineers. This Outlook provides an overview of the different activities in the field of flexible, transient, and transparent batteries with a focus on the challenges that have to be faced toward the development of such multifunctional energy storage devices.

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“…Printed electronics (PE) is an emerging technology under the umbrella of additive manufacturing that uses functional inks to print circuits and electrical components on various substrates. So far, PE has enabled fabrication of devices including but not limited to thin film solar cells, [ 1 ] antennas, [ 2 ] memories, [ 3 ] transistors, [ 4 ] displays, [ 5 ] batteries, [ 6 ] capacitors, [ 7 ] and sensors. The enormous potential of PE can be envisioned from the fact that the revenue of printed electronics market is expected to reach to 13.6 billion USD in 2023 from 6.8 billion USD in 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Droplet‐Based Techniques for Printing of Functional Inks for Flexible Physical Sensors

2021

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Printing processes can be broadly classified into "contact" and "non-contact" printing. In contact printing, the ink is transferred directly from a patterned medium (engraved roller or stencil) onto a substrate, while in non-contact printing the ink droplets are ejected from a series of nozzles on the intended surface. [9] Offset, flexography, gravure, and screen printing are among the most common contact printing methods, while jet-printing processes constitute noncontact counterpart. Jet-printing involves a series of computer-controlled pattern reproduction techniques, which can be subdivided into inkjet, aerosol-jet, and electrohydrodynamic-jet printing. In these techniques, the ink is deposited in the form of droplets hence named "droplet-based" printing. Inkjet is a wellestablished technology, which is now finding its way in to industries, [10] while aerosol jet is a relatively new technology developed for printing on non-planar substrates. The first prototype of electrohydrodynamic jet printing was patented for graphical patterning, but later on altered for high-resolution electronic printing in nanometer scale. [11] Flexible physical sensors fabricated by printing techniques are revolutionizing healthcare sector by befitting portable health watching and remote medical solutions. [12] These devices not only enable long-term tracking of physiological signals, but also enormously assist in delocalization of medical services from hospitals to homes. Flexible physical biosensors are widely used to record various biophysical signals such as pulse rate, body temperature, vocal fold vibrations, skeletal muscle contractions, closure of heart valves, breath rate, and movements in the gastrointestinal tract. [13] However current devices fabricated by printing techniques, suffer from low sensitivity and poor repeatability, therefore there is room for huge improvement in this field through specially formulated inks and printing process control. [14] Herein, we present a comprehensive discussion on basics of droplet-based printing techniques (inkjet, aerosol jet, and electrohydrodynamic jet), followed by an in-depth review of metal, carbon, polymer, and ceramic functional inks. We also delve into various post-processing (sintering) methods used to enable flexible devices on substrates with low thermal resistance. The field of flexible devices is vast, and the focus of this paper is on flexible physical sensors fabricated through droplet-based Printed electronics (PE) is an emerging technology that uses functional inks to print electrical components and circuits on variety of substrates. This technology has opened up new possibilities to fabricate flexible, bendable, and form-fitting devices at low-cost and fast speed. There are different printing technologies in use, among which droplet-based techniques are of great interest as they provide the possibility of printing computer-controlled design patterns with high resolution, and greater production flexibility. Nanomaterial inks form the heart of this technology, enablin...

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Electrode Composite for Flexible Zinc–Manganese Dioxide Batteries through In Situ Polymerization of Polymer Hydrogel

Cited by 11 publications

References 75 publications

Gap width modification on fully screen-printed coplanar Zn|MnO2 batteries

Gap width modification on fully screen-printed coplanar Zn|MnO2 batteries

Multifunctional Batteries: Flexible, Transient, and Transparent

Droplet‐Based Techniques for Printing of Functional Inks for Flexible Physical Sensors

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