Electrochromism of polyaniline film prepared by electrochemical polymerization

Watanabe, Akira; Mori, Kunio; Iwasaki, Yasunori; Nakamura, Yoshiro; Niizuma, Shigeya

doi:10.1021/ma00174a015

Cited by 169 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…At lower applied potentials, the absorbances of polyaniline films at 430 and 810 nm are enhanced as the applied potential increases in a more positive direction. 129 At higher applied potentials, the absorbance at 430 nm begins to decrease while the wavelength of maximum absorbance shifts from 810 nm to wavelength of higher energies.…”

Section: Figure 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochromic organic and polymeric materials for display applications

2006

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An electrochromic material is one where a reversible color change takes place upon reduction (gain of electrons) or oxidation (loss of electrons), on passage of electrical current after the application of an appropriate electrode potential. In this review the general field of electrochromism is introduced, with coverage of the types, applications, and chemical classes of electrochromic materials and the experimental methods that are used in their study. The main classes of electrochromic organic and polymeric materials are then surveyed, with descriptions of representative examples based on transition metal coordination complexes, viologen systems, and conducting polymers. Examples of the application of such organic and polymeric electrochromic materials in electrochromic displays are given.

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Section: Figure 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochromic organic and polymeric materials for display applications

2006

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“…Polyaniline, discovered in 1982 by Letheby 10 , is one of the most studied conducting polymers and has been used in many applications due to their environmental stability, low cost of fabrication, and unusual electrical and optical properties [11][12][13][14][15] . In addition, polyaniline exhibits electrochromic effects, from pale yellow to green to blue-velvet [16][17][18] . However, the main disadvantages of polyaniline are its insolubility in common organic solvents and its infusibility 19 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Poly (2,5-dimethoxyaniline) and Electrochromic Properties

Mungkalodom¹,

Paradee²,

Sirivat³

et al. 2015

Mat. Res.

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“…Prussian blue is blue in the oxidized state and colorless in the reduced state. Though electrochromism in these films has been studied exhaustively in the past, [11][12][13] the electrochemistry, optical properties and switching rates of devices based on these films are not yet fully understood. Similarly, electrolytes based on ionic liquids are in-vogue for the entire spectrum of solid-state electrochemical cells due to the several advantages of ionic liquids over traditional salts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemistry of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polyaniline/Prussian blue electrochromic devices containing an ionic liquid based gel electrolyte film

Deepa

Awadhia

Bhandari

2009

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Electrochromic devices based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) as the cathodic coloring electrode and polyaniline (PANI) or Prussian blue (PB) as the counter electrode containing a highly conductive, self-supporting, distensible and transparent polymer-gel electrolyte film encapsulating an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidiniumbis-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, have been fabricated. Polarization, charge transfer and diffusion processes control the electrochemistry of the functional electrodes during coloration and bleaching and these phenomena differ when PEDOT and PANI/PB were employed alternately as working electrodes. While the electrochemical impedance response shows good similitude for PEDOT and PANI electrodes, the responses of PEDOT and PB were significantly different in the PEDOT-PB device, especially during reduction of PB, wherein the overall amplitude of the impedance response is enormous. Large values of the coloration efficiency maxima of 281 cm 2 C À1 (l = 583 nm) and 274 cm 2 C À1 (l = 602 nm), achieved at À1.0 and À1.5 V for the PEDOT-PANI and PEDOT-PB devices have been correlated to the particularly low magnitude of charge transfer resistance and high polarization capacitance operative at the PEDOT-ionic liquid based electrolyte interface at these dc potentials, thus allowing facile ion-transport and consequently resulting in enhanced absorption modulation. Moderately fast switching kinetics and the ability of these devices to sustain about 2500 cycles of clear-to-dark and dark-to-clear without incurring major losses in the optical contrast, along with the ease of construction of these cells in terms of high scalability and reproducibility of the synthetic procedure for fabrication of the electrochromic films and the ionic liquid based gel electrolyte film, are indicators of the promise these devices hold for practical applications like electrochromic windows and displays.

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Electrochromism of polyaniline film prepared by electrochemical polymerization

Cited by 169 publications

References 8 publications

Electrochromic organic and polymeric materials for display applications

Electrochromic organic and polymeric materials for display applications

Synthesis of Poly (2,5-dimethoxyaniline) and Electrochromic Properties

Electrochemistry of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polyaniline/Prussian blue electrochromic devices containing an ionic liquid based gel electrolyte film

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