Electrochromic Behavior of a Self-Propagating Molecular-Based Assembly

Abstract

A metallo-supramolecular network undergoes reversible redox chemistry on indium-tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates with concurrent color change. The switching time, long-term stability, and coloration efficiency are competitive with polymeric materials such as the industrially important PEDOT.

Coordination-Based Molecular Assemblies as Electrochromic Materials: Ultra-High Switching Stability and Coloration Efficiencies

“…MA1 exhibits exponential growth versus the number of deposition cycles (Figure 2A), similarly to previously reported osmium polypyridyl complexes. 9 We have shown that these self-propagating MAs store an excess of PdCl 2 that can be used to induce the here observed exponential growth. In contrast to MA1, MA2−4 exhibit linear growth behavior ( Figures 2B, S3), because the sterically more demanding complexes 2−4 allow less Pd to be stored in the assemblies ( Figure S2).…”

“…The CE of MA1 is higher (>2×) in comparison with the assemblies constructed from iso-structural osmium complexes having a similar stability. 9 This key parameter reflects the performance and power efficiency of EC materials and is defined as the change in optical density The exceptional stability of the MA2 was demonstrated by electrochemistry, SEC experiments, and thermal exposure. This assembly is electrochemically stable up to 1.12 × 10 5 redox cycles ( Figure 5A,B).…”

“…The large number of redox cycles demonstrated here are two orders of magnitude higher than known structurally related molecular assemblies. 9 Many polymeric EC materials, 28 including systems that contain polypyridyl complexes exhibit lower EC stabilities. Varying the number of pyridine moieties of the chromophores can be used to control (i) the materials' stability, (ii) color, (iii) redox chemistry, and (iv) their film growth (i.e., linear vs exponential).…”

Electrochromic Characteristics of a Nickel Borate Thin Film Investigated by In Situ XAFS and UV/vis Spectroscopy

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Among these, amorphous WO 3 is one of the most well-known electrochromic substances. 4,5,[9][10][11] The reversible transition of a WO 3 film between colorless and blue results from the formation of M x WO 3 (M = H, Li, Na; x = 0-1) during reduction.…”

Catenation and encapsulation induce distinct reconstitutions within a dynamic library of mixed-ligand Zn4L6 cages

“…The study of synthetic chemical systems that reconstitute and respond to different stimuli can offer insight into the signalling events that underpin biological systems,1 as well as identifying new means to synthesize useful stimuli-responsive systems2 and materials 3…”