Electrochemistry in flames: a preliminary communication

Caruana, Daren J.; McCormack, Sean

doi:10.1016/s1388-2481(00)00129-6

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Recently, combustion plasma media have been shown to be suitable as electrolytes supporting electrochemical measurements. 1 Conductivity measurements are well established for measuring changes in ionic concentrations in flame, and have been successfully used for gas chromatography detection. Here we use potentiometry to measure local changes in ionisation due to the combustion of single particles in hydrogen/oxygen flames.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas phase electrochemical detection of single latex particles

Caruana

Yao

2003

Analyst

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n this study we describe zero current potentiometric measurements in a gaseous flame electrolyte, for the detection of single latex particles. Combustion of polystyrene latex particles when added to a premixed hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen flame, results in an increase in charged species relative to the surrounding hydrogen flame. As a consequence of this increase in ionic concentration over background, short-lived potential difference transients were measured between two platinum indicator electrodes placed in a two-compartment flame electrochemical cell (described in Electrochem. Commun., 2001, 3, 675-681). The frequency of the transient events was dependent on the number density of latex particles in solution. It is proposed that each short-lived transient event corresponds to the combustion of single latex particles in a flame. A potential difference maximum of 0.56 V when 3.0 microm diameter particles were added to the flame was measured. Also it was shown that it is possible to detect 0.3 microm diameter latex particles using the same technique. It is postulated that the physical basis of the potential difference is due to the establishment of diffusion/junction potential due to the increase in ionisation from polystyrene combustion at the surface of one indicator electrode. This methodology may be applied to the detection of particulates composed of ionisable species (organic or inorganic) in gaseous environment such as bacteria, viruses, pollen grains and dust

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas phase electrochemical detection of single latex particles

Caruana

Yao

2003

Analyst

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“…Gaseous plasmas have been identified as suitable media in which to study the electrochemical properties of ions by several authors. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Richmonds et al, Meiss et al and Hickling and Ingram have demonstrated charge-transfer processes at the plasma-liquid interface. [10][11][12] In addition, Vennekamp and Janek, Brettholle et al and Ogumi et al outlined the use of non-thermal plasma for metal surface oxidation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Plasma electrochemistry: voltammetry in a flame plasma electrolyte

Elahi

Caruana

2013

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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In this paper we present detailed dynamic electrochemical measurements in a flame plasma electrolyte in the presence of tungsten oxide salts. Defined reproducible redox processes are measured using conventional cyclic voltammetry in an operational potential window between 1 and -9 V. This wide potential window is possible due to the absence of solvent and its associated limits due to solvent electrolysis at high over potentials. The measurements were enabled through the development of a new reference electrode, composed of yttria stabilised zirconia (YSZ) which maintains a stable potential at 1100 K. In this paper we focus on developing a phenomenological understanding of electron transfer at the solid-gas interface, using cyclic voltammetry. The effect of working electrode surface area and material, as well as potential scan rate on the voltammetric redox features is presented. We discuss the physical origin of the observed Faradaic current peaks measured in a flame plasma electrolyte, and propose a simple model to describe the redox processes occurring. We conclude that redox processes at the solid-gas interface are actually similar to the analogous processes at the solid-liquid interface described by conventional electrochemical theory; the departures are mainly due to the mass transport processes that dominate in the gas phase. We associate migration effects with the total absence of any oxidation processes.

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“…Extension of electrochemical concepts to plasma processes are now gathering considerable attention from both the plasma community and electrochemistry community [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] . The distinct feature of plasma electrochemistry is its high energy and high temperature processes in combination with gas-surface interactions, as well as wide potential windows that the gaseous environment allows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A thermocouple-based remote temperature controller of an electrically-floated sample for plasma CVD of nanocarbons with bias voltage

et al. 2017

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We report an accurate and easy-to operate instrument for the temperature control of an electrically-floated sample using a thermocouple in direct contact with it. The signal was transmitted via 2.45 GHz WiFi. We measured and analyzed the discrepancy between the thermocouple and a radiation thermometer for the plasma CVD of carbon nanomaterials under sample bias. A successful protection method from abnormal discharge in the plasma is also provided.

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Electrochemistry in flames: a preliminary communication

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Gas phase electrochemical detection of single latex particles

Gas phase electrochemical detection of single latex particles

Plasma electrochemistry: voltammetry in a flame plasma electrolyte

A thermocouple-based remote temperature controller of an electrically-floated sample for plasma CVD of nanocarbons with bias voltage

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