Electrochemical synthesis of polypyrrole in powder form

Conducting polymers: a comprehensive review on recent advances in synthesis, properties and applications

“…The main advantage this method has over other techniques is that we can control the thickness and morphology by controlling the electrochemical parameters. [41][42][43][44] There are a lot of electrochemical synthesis mechanisms available. Here in this polymerization mechanism, a free radical cation is developed due to deprotonation, and this free radical attacks the neutral monomer unit.…”

Contact Piezoresistive Sensors Based on Electro-Polymerized Polypyrrole and a Regulated Conductive Pathway

“…Therefore, by controlling the polymerization process, it is possible to manipulate the inherent properties of PPy, making it advantageous for use as a sensing material. Electrochemical techniques offer advantages over chemical oxidation methods in property modulation because doping and undoping occur simultaneously during electrochemical synthesis, allowing the intrinsic properties of PPy to be subsequently modulated in a controlled manner. , Furthermore, the in situ polymerization property of PPy allows it to form stable bonds with elastic substrates, giving it deformable characteristics. Consequently, PPy exhibits unique structural and conductive properties (conductivity, morphology, and elastic properties) required for the active layers of flexible contact piezoresistive sensors, eliminating the need for complex preparation and assembly processes.…”

Quantum‐chemical modeling of polypyrrole structure in neutral complexes with electron density acceptors

“…[23] PPy is an example of such conducting polymers and has high chemical stability, good conductivity, and a set of useful physicochemical characteristics. [24,25] Owing to a variety of synthetic methods PPy has various morphological forms (nanostructures), such as nanotubes, [26,27] powders, [28,29] nanofibers and nanofabric, [30,31] nanorods, and nanowires. [32][33][34] For the use of PPy in various electrochemical devices, the question on the range of the electroactivity and conductivity potentials of the PPy chain, the change in these parameters during redox switches from a charged to an uncharged state, as well as concomitant changes in other polymer parameters is of fundamental importance.…”

“…PPy is an example of such conducting polymers and has high chemical stability, good conductivity, and a set of useful physicochemical characteristics. [ 24,25 ] Owing to a variety of synthetic methods PPy has various morphological forms (nanostructures), such as nanotubes, [ 26,27 ] powders, [ 28,29 ] nanofibers and nanofabric, [ 30,31 ] nanorods, and nanowires. [ 32–34 ]…”