Electrochemical Studies of Carbon Films from Pyrolyzed Photoresist

Kim, J.; Song, Xiangyun; Kinoshita, K.; Madou, M.; White, Richard M.

doi:10.1149/1.1838636

Cited by 124 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…32,33 We demonstrate that a combined effect of temperature and dwell time leads to a much improved electrochemical performance of the SU-8 derived carbon. Figure 3A and 3B illustrates that both E and resistivity of our electrodes decrease on extending the dwell time from 1 to 8 hours.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Optimization of Carbon Electrodes Derived from Epoxy-based Photoresist

Mardegan

Kamath

Sharma

et al. 2013

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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In this contribution we report on results from an optimization study of SU-8 photoresist derived carbon electrodes. SU-8 derived carbon tends to be glassy in nature, however, based on the exact pyrolysis strategy and other fabrication parameters employed one can obtain a range of electrical, electrochemical and thermal properties related to the variation of the graphitic content of the thus obtained carbon. Hence, in order to obtain electrodes that emulate or improve upon the performance of commercially available glassy carbon (GC) electrodes, the right choice of pyrolysis conditions, and fabrication parameters such as the polymer patterning method, the nature of the substrate, polymer precursor film thickness and dimensions of the electrodes are all important. Carbon electrodes made employing a variety of pyrolysis times and pyrolysis end temperatures, film thicknesses and substrates are investigated by cyclic voltammetry of a redox probe ([Fe(CN) 6 ] 4− ), resistance measurements and spectroscopic analysis (Raman and XRD). SU-8 derived carbon electrodes displayed a wide potential stability window even in acidic media comparable to that of commercially available GC electrodes. Finally, these electrodes were applied to the simultaneous detection of traces of Cd(II) and Pb(II) through anodic stripping voltammetry and detection limits as low as 0.7 and 0.8 μgL −1 were achieved.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Optimization of Carbon Electrodes Derived from Epoxy-based Photoresist

Mardegan

Kamath

Sharma

et al. 2013

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…GC is a very popular, commercially available, electrode material which can be readily polished to an electrochemically active and reproducible state [18]. PPF is prepared in the laboratory and has similar properties to GC but has a much smoother surface, with typical average surface roughness less than 0.5 nm [19][20][21]. This molecular level roughness makes PPF a useful material for imaging molecular layers using atomic force microscopy (AFM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale films covalently attached to conducting substrates: structure and dynamic behaviour of the layers

Downard

2009

IJNT

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Nanoscale organic films, typically 1-5 nm thick, can be grafted to conducting substrates by the reduction of aryldiazonium salts. The grafting procedure results in covalent attachment of the film to the substrate, through a direct bond between the aryl group and a surface atom. The strength of this bond depends on the substrate: for carbon substrates, a high bond energy gives extremely stable layers. This article describes our detailed electrochemical and atomic force microscopy studies of these films, which demonstrate that multilayer films do not incorporate close-packed layers of aryl groups. A loosely packed structure is consistent with the mechanism of the surface attachment process, which proceeds via the formation of aryl radicals. It is also consistent with the proposed route for multilayer formation which yields branching film growth. Our studies of the films have revealed that they can respond in an, at least partially, reversible manner to their environment, undergoing changes in thickness, barrier properties and wettability as they are exposed to different solvents and/or applied potentials. These switchable properties are proposed to originate in film swelling and shrinking which are possible because of the loosely packed multilayer structure.Keywords: aryldiazonium salt; surface concentration; film thickness; density; redox probes; wettability; switchable properties Reference for publisher use only

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“…A new kind of carbon electrode, namely pyrolyzed photoresist carbon electrodes (PPCE), was first proposed by Madou et al [12,13] and is conveniently fabricated employing simple and inexpensive batch fabrication methodologies, namely UV photolithography followed by pyrolysis. The latter is carried out in a flow of N2 gas with a standard temperature ramp-up of about 10 °C •min −1 and a one-hour dwell time at the maximum temperature of 900 °C , followed by the natural cooling of the furnace.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolyzed Photoresist Carbon Electrodes for Trace Electroanalysis of Nickel(II)

et al. 2015

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Novel pyrolyzed photoresist carbon electrodes for electroanalytical applications have been produced by photolithographic technology followed by pyrolysis of the photoresist. A study of the determination of Ni(II) dimethylglyoximate (Ni-DMG) through adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry at an in situ bismuth-modified pyrolyzed photoresist electrode (Bi-PPCE) is reported. The experimental conditions for the deposition of a bismuth film on the PPCE were optimized. The Bi-PPCE allowed the analysis of trace concentrations of Ni(II), even in the presence of Co(II), which is the main interference in this analysis, with cathodic stripping square wave voltammograms characterized by well-separated stripping peaks. The calculated limits of detection (LOD) were 20 ng•L −1 for Ni(II) alone and 500 ng•L −1 in the presence of Co(II). The optimized method was finally applied to the analysis of certified spring water (NIST1640a).

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Electrochemical Studies of Carbon Films from Pyrolyzed Photoresist

Cited by 124 publications

References 5 publications

Optimization of Carbon Electrodes Derived from Epoxy-based Photoresist

Optimization of Carbon Electrodes Derived from Epoxy-based Photoresist

Nanoscale films covalently attached to conducting substrates: structure and dynamic behaviour of the layers

Pyrolyzed Photoresist Carbon Electrodes for Trace Electroanalysis of Nickel(II)

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