Electrochemical sensing method for point-of-care cortisol detection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients

Abstract

A novel electrochemical sensing method was devised for the first time to detect plasma cortisol, a potential psychological stress biomarker, in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive subjects. A miniaturized potentiostat (reconfigured LMP91000 chip) interfaced with a microfluidic manifold containing a cortisol immunosensor was employed to demonstrate electrochemical cortisol sensing. This fully integrated and optimized electrochemical sensing device exhibited a wide cortisol-detection range from 10 pg/mL to 500 ng/mL, a low detection limit of 10 pg/mL, and sensitivity of 5.8 μA (pg mL) −1 , with a regression coefficient of 0.995. This cortisol-selective sensing system was employed to estimate plasma cortisol in ten samples from HIV patients. The electrochemical cortisol-sensing performance was validated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. The results obtained using both methodologies were comparable within 2%–5% variation. The information related to psychological stress of HIV patients can be correlated with disease-progression parameters to optimize diagnosis, therapeutic, and personalized health monitoring.

The perspectives of biomarker-based electrochemical immunosensors, artificial intelligence and the Internet of Medical Things toward COVID-19 diagnosis and management

“…In our proposed sensing system, SARS-CoV-2 proteins, involving the SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein, biomarkers, and nonstructural proteins, as mentioned above, via the usage of respective specific antibodies, as shown in Scheme 1 (key scheme), could be able to detect at fM/pM/nM concentrations. By the usage of micro/nano-electrodes [ 191 ], nano-structured sensing materials [ 192 ], miniaturized sensing transducers, and microelectronics [ 193 , 194 ] to develop an electrochemical sensor for COVID-19 may improve the selective monitoring, screening, and SARS-CoV-2 detection. But these studies on various sensing systems are still in the exploratory stage for detection of COVID-19.…”

Microfluidic Organ/Body-on-a-Chip Devices at the Convergence of Biology and Microengineering

“…Although being still in their very early developmental stage, some microfluidic platforms appear as innovative systems for significant endocrine studies. Concerning the adrenal glands, microfluidics is being applied to detect and study corticosteroids [ 167 , 168 , 170 ] and catecholamines [ 165 , 166 , 171 ]. In the fertility context, Huang and collaborators used microfluidics to isolate, analyze and quantify spermatozoids [ 163 ].…”

Role of Biosensing Technology for NeuroAIDS Management

“…Good sensitivity of biosensing methods also help the detection of HIV virions during the diagnostic window, i.e. the period when HIV antibodies are produced, but are under detection limits of common diagnostic methods [ 10 ]. In recent years, various successful studies have been performed to identify HIV using electrochemical biosensors for HIV sequence detection e.g.…”