Electrochemical reduction of heptyl viologen at platinum studied by time-resolved resonance Raman spectroscopy

In situ observation of the initial adsorption process of heptylviologen cation radicals by slab optical waveguide spectroscopy synchronized with electrode potential modulation methods

“…(3) is a less reversible reaction and a solid deposit with yellow color forms on the electrode surface. These film formation processes have been solved by a number of researchers using various analytical techniques [29,[32][33][34][35][36].…”

Potential dependent structure transitions of heptyl viologen layers on Cu(100) studied by in situ STM and IRRAS

“…Such redox-active monolayers can, for instance, be formed by viologens, which are among the most intensively studied molecular building-blocks in supramolecular chemistry [1]. Their solution electrochemistry is well documented in literature [8][9][10] and the surface chemistry has been investigated over the past years by electrochemical methods such as Cyclic Voltammetry [11][12][13], STM [14][15][16][17][18][19] and spectroscopic methods like Raman spectroscopy [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and UV/IR reflectance spectroscopy [27][28][29][30][31][32]. However, only a few reports combine microscopic and spectroscopic methods [33,34].…”

An investigation of the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect from a new substrate of silver-modified silver electrode

“…We know that the sensitivity for the roughened electrode is not high enough compared to the other SERS substrates due to the instinctive limitation of the electrochemical oxidation-reduction method. Therefore a large number of investigations [21][22][23][24][25] of surface enhancements from various modified electrodes have been carried out in order to optimize the SERS effect and extend the applied region of electrochemically roughened systems.…”